Description:
To test a model which describes the factors expected to predict
parent and child behaviors in separations and reunions in daycare, 88
dual-career mothers (n= 54) and fathers (n= 34) were observed during
interactions with their infants and toddlers in this context.
Simultaneous regression analyses and path analyses provided mixed
support for the model. In general, separation behaviors were
predicted better by the model than reunion behaviors. At separation,
parent sensitivity was predicted by parent gender and increased levels
of child distress was predicted by lower levels of parental
involvement in child-care and increased parental separation anxiety.
Parents who were less involved in their children's daily care had
children who were more distressed at separation as did parents who
were anxious about the effect of separation. At reunion, parent
sensitivity was predicted by separation anxiety. Parents who were
more anxious about employment-related separations were more sensitive
in their interactions with their children. Child happiness at reunion
was not predicted by any variables included in the model. There were mean differences between mothers and fathers on a number of variables
including parent sensitivity (mothers were more sensitive),
involvement in child-care (mothers were more involved), and anxiety
about employment-related separations (mothers were more anxious).
There were no significant differences in regression coefficients
between mothers and fathers suggesting that the model held equally
well for mothers and fathers. The results are discussed in terms of
their support for the model and attachment theory.