| dc.creator |
Adu, Cynthia |
|
| dc.creator |
Berglund, Linn |
|
| dc.creator |
Oksman, Kristiina |
|
| dc.creator |
Eichhorn, Stephen J. |
|
| dc.creator |
Jolly, Mark R. |
|
| dc.creator |
Zhu, Chenchen |
|
| dc.date |
2018-07-04T11:45:31Z |
|
| dc.date |
2018-07-04T11:45:31Z |
|
| dc.date |
2018-06-27 |
|
| dc.date.accessioned |
2022-05-25T16:36:53Z |
|
| dc.date.available |
2022-05-25T16:36:53Z |
|
| dc.identifier |
Adu C, Berglund L, Oksman K, Eichhorn SJ, Jolly M, Zhu C, Properties of cellulose nanofibre networks prepared from never-dried and dried paper mill sludge, Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 197, Part 1, 1 October 2018, pp. 765-771 |
|
| dc.identifier |
0959-6526 |
|
| dc.identifier |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.263 |
|
| dc.identifier |
http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/13315 |
|
| dc.identifier |
20775381 |
|
| dc.identifier.uri |
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/182173 |
|
| dc.description |
Paper mills yield large volumes of sludge materials which pose an environmental and economic challenge for disposal, despite the fact that they could be a valuable source for cellulose nanofibres (CNF) production. The aim of the study was to evaluate the production process and properties of CNF prepared by mechanical fibrillation of never-dried and dried paper mill sludge (PMS). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that average diameters for both never-dried and dried paper sludge nanofibres (PSNF) were less than 50 nm. The never-dried and dried sludge nanofibres showed no statistical significant difference (p > 0.05) in strength ∼92 MPa, and ∼85 MPa and modulus ∼11 GPa and ∼10 GPa. The study concludes that paper mill sludge can be used in a dried state for CNF production to reduce transportation and storage challenges posed on industrial scale. |
|
| dc.language |
en |
|
| dc.publisher |
Elsevier |
|
| dc.rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International |
|
| dc.rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
|
| dc.title |
Properties of cellulose nanofibre networks prepared from never-dried and dried paper mill sludge |
|
| dc.type |
Article |
|