Sudan’s current transitional government has inherited a fragile health system that suffered years of neglect and underinvestment. The spread of COVID-19 poses important challenges to the country’s health and political structures. This Q&A looks at how Sudan’s government and non-government actors are faring against the spread of the pandemic and the impact of the lockdown on the political transition in the country. On 13 April, the Sudanese government announced a lockdown of the state of Khartoum and took other measures to confront the pandemic. With a transition government in place and a health system that has been neglected for years, how are Sudan’s government and non-government actors faring against the spread of the coronavirus? And how is the pandemic impacting the political transition?