The Elderly and Old Age Support in
            Rural China : Challenges and Prospects

Cai, Fang; Giles, John; O'Keefe, Philip; Wang, Dewen

dc.creator	Cai, Fang
dc.creator	Giles, John
dc.creator	O'Keefe, Philip
dc.creator	Wang, Dewen
dc.date	2012-03-19T08:44:30Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T08:44:30Z
dc.date	2012-03-13
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:33:28Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:33:28Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20120319004833
dc.identifier	978-0-8213-8685-9
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2249
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/242632
dc.description	Although average incomes in China have risen dramatically since the 1980s, concerns are increasing that the rural elderly have not benefited from growth to the same extent as younger people and the urban elderly. Concerns about welfare of the rural elderly combine spatial and demographic issues. Large gaps exist between conditions in coastal and interior regions and between conditions in urban and rural areas of the country. In addition to differences in income by geography, considerable differences exist across demographic groups in the level of coverage by safety nets, in the benefits received through the social welfare system, and in the risks of falling into poverty. This book aims to do two things: first, it provides detailed empirical analysis of the welfare and living conditions of the rural elderly since the early 1990s in the context of large-scale rural-to-urban migration, and second, it explores the evolution of the rural pension system in China over the past two decades and raises a number of issues on its current implementation and future directions. Although the two sections of the book are distinct in analytical terms, they are closely linked in policy terms: the first section demonstrates in several ways a rationale for greater public intervention in the welfare of the rural elderly, and the second documents the response of policy to date and options to consider for deepening the coverage and effects of the rural pension system over the longer term.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	Washington, DC: World Bank
dc.relation	Directions in Development ; human development
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ABSOLUTE TERMS
dc.subject	ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT
dc.subject	AGE DISTRIBUTION
dc.subject	AGING POPULATIONS
dc.subject	BASIC BENEFIT
dc.subject	BASIC NEEDS
dc.subject	BASIC PENSION
dc.subject	BENEFIT LEVEL
dc.subject	BENEFIT LEVELS
dc.subject	CENTER FOR POPULATION
dc.subject	CHANGES IN FERTILITY
dc.subject	CHRONIC POVERTY
dc.subject	CHRONICALLY POOR
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION POVERTY
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING
dc.subject	CONTRIBUTION RECORDS
dc.subject	CORESIDENCE
dc.subject	CULTURAL CHANGE
dc.subject	DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE
dc.subject	DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
dc.subject	DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
dc.subject	DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS
dc.subject	DEPENDENCY RATIO
dc.subject	DEPENDENCY RATIOS
dc.subject	DETERMINANT OF POVERTY
dc.subject	DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DISSEMINATION
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC TRANSITION
dc.subject	ELDERLY
dc.subject	ELDERLY HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	ELDERLY MEN
dc.subject	ELDERLY PEOPLE
dc.subject	ELDERLY PERSONS
dc.subject	ELDERLY POPULATION
dc.subject	ELDERLY WOMEN
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subject	FAMILY INCOME
dc.subject	FAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING COMMISSION
dc.subject	FAMILY SIZE
dc.subject	FAMILY SUPPORT
dc.subject	FARM LABOR
dc.subject	FERTILITY
dc.subject	FERTILITY POLICIES
dc.subject	FERTILITY RATE
dc.subject	FERTILITY RATES
dc.subject	FUNDED PENSIONS
dc.subject	FUTURE GENERATIONS
dc.subject	GLOBAL POPULATION
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT PENSIONS
dc.subject	GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subject	GUARANTEED RATE
dc.subject	HEALTH CARE
dc.subject	HEALTH INSURANCE
dc.subject	HIGHER INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD HEAD
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD INCOMES
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD POVERTY
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subject	HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	ILL HEALTH
dc.subject	ILLNESS
dc.subject	INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
dc.subject	INCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subject	INCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subject	INCOME POVERTY
dc.subject	INCOME QUINTILE
dc.subject	INCOME RISK
dc.subject	INCOME SHOCK
dc.subject	INCOME SUPPORT
dc.subject	INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNT
dc.subject	INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS
dc.subject	INFLATION RATE
dc.subject	INFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subject	INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSFERS
dc.subject	INTERNAL MIGRATION
dc.subject	LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subject	LABOR INCOME
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	LABOR SUPPLY
dc.subject	LEGAL STATUS
dc.subject	LIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subject	LIVING CONDITIONS
dc.subject	LOCAL CAPACITY
dc.subject	LOCAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	LOCAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	LOW FERTILITY
dc.subject	MALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subject	MIGRANT
dc.subject	MIGRANT FAMILY
dc.subject	MIGRANT WORKERS
dc.subject	MIGRANTS
dc.subject	MIGRATION
dc.subject	MORTALITY
dc.subject	NATIONAL FERTILITY
dc.subject	NATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subject	NATIONAL PENSION
dc.subject	NATIONAL POLICY
dc.subject	NUTRITION
dc.subject	OLD AGE
dc.subject	OLD AGE SUPPORT
dc.subject	OLD-AGE
dc.subject	OLDER PEOPLE
dc.subject	PENSION
dc.subject	PENSION BENEFIT
dc.subject	PENSION BENEFITS
dc.subject	PENSION COVERAGE
dc.subject	PENSION INCOME
dc.subject	PENSION INDICATORS
dc.subject	PENSION POLICY
dc.subject	PENSION POLICY REFORM
dc.subject	PENSION PROGRAMS
dc.subject	PENSION SCHEME
dc.subject	PENSION SCHEMES
dc.subject	PENSION SYSTEM
dc.subject	PENSION SYSTEMS
dc.subject	PENSIONABLE AGE
dc.subject	PENSIONS
dc.subject	PERSISTENT POVERTY
dc.subject	POLICY MAKERS
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subject	POLICY RESPONSE
dc.subject	POLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	POOR
dc.subject	POOR AREAS
dc.subject	POOR PEOPLE
dc.subject	POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	POORER HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	POPULATION CENSUS
dc.subject	POPULATION CENTER
dc.subject	POPULATION GROWTH
dc.subject	POPULATION GROWTH RATE
dc.subject	POPULATION PROJECTIONS
dc.subject	POPULATION RESEARCH
dc.subject	POPULATION STATISTICS
dc.subject	POPULATION STRUCTURE
dc.subject	POPULATION TRENDS
dc.subject	POVERTY ASSESSMENT
dc.subject	POVERTY GAP
dc.subject	POVERTY HEAD
dc.subject	POVERTY INCIDENCE
dc.subject	POVERTY INDEX
dc.subject	POVERTY LEVEL
dc.subject	POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	POVERTY MEASURES
dc.subject	POVERTY POVERTY
dc.subject	POVERTY RATE
dc.subject	POVERTY RATES
dc.subject	POVERTY SEVERITY
dc.subject	POVERTY STATUS
dc.subject	PRIVATE TRANSFERS
dc.subject	PUBLIC POLICY
dc.subject	PUBLIC SUPPORT
dc.subject	REDUCTION IN POVERTY
dc.subject	REMITTANCE
dc.subject	REMITTANCES
dc.subject	RESPECT
dc.subject	RETIREMENT
dc.subject	RETIREMENT AGES
dc.subject	RETIREMENT DECISIONS
dc.subject	RURAL
dc.subject	RURAL AREAS
dc.subject	RURAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	RURAL HOUSEHOLD
dc.subject	RURAL INCOMES
dc.subject	RURAL MEN
dc.subject	RURAL MIGRANTS
dc.subject	RURAL PEOPLE
dc.subject	RURAL POOR
dc.subject	RURAL POPULATION
dc.subject	RURAL POPULATION GROWTH
dc.subject	RURAL POPULATIONS
dc.subject	RURAL POVERTY
dc.subject	RURAL RESIDENTS
dc.subject	RURAL WORKERS
dc.subject	SAFETY NETS
dc.subject	SAVINGS
dc.subject	SOCIAL AFFAIRS
dc.subject	SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subject	SOCIAL INSURANCE
dc.subject	SOCIAL PENSION
dc.subject	SOCIAL PENSIONS
dc.subject	SOCIAL PROTECTION
dc.subject	SOCIAL PROTECTION MECHANISMS
dc.subject	SOCIAL SCIENCES
dc.subject	SOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subject	SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS
dc.subject	SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM
dc.subject	SOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subject	SOCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subject	SOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subject	SPATIAL DIFFERENCES
dc.subject	SPILLOVER
dc.subject	SPOUSE
dc.subject	STATE UNIVERSITY
dc.subject	SUPPORT FALLS
dc.subject	TARGETING
dc.subject	UNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION
dc.subject	URBAN AREAS
dc.subject	URBAN MIGRATION
dc.subject	URBAN POPULATION
dc.subject	URBANIZATION
dc.subject	VILLAGE LEADERS
dc.subject	VULNERABILITY
dc.subject	VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY
dc.subject	WORKING-AGE POPULATION
dc.subject	WORLD POPULATION
dc.subject	YOUNG ADULT
dc.subject	YOUNG ADULTS
dc.subject	YOUNG PEOPLE
dc.title	The Elderly and Old Age Support in Rural China : Challenges and Prospects
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Publication
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Publication
dc.coverage	East Asia and Pacific
dc.coverage	East Asia
dc.coverage	Asia
dc.coverage	China