Migration and Skills : The
            Experience of Migrant Workers from Albania, Egypt, Moldova,
            and Tunisia

Sabadie, Jesus Alquezar; Avato, Johanna; Bardak, Ummuhan; Panzica, Francesco; Popova, Natalia

dc.creator	Sabadie, Jesus Alquezar
dc.creator	Avato, Johanna
dc.creator	Bardak, Ummuhan
dc.creator	Panzica, Francesco
dc.creator	Popova, Natalia
dc.date	2012-03-19T09:33:10Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T09:33:10Z
dc.date	2010
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:36:11Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:36:11Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20100325011000
dc.identifier	978-0-8213-8079-6
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2421
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/242840
dc.description	The subject of migration, and how best to manage it, has been moving up the policy agenda of the European Union for some time now. Faced with an aging population, possible skills shortages at all skills levels, and the need to compete for highly skilled migrants with countries such as Australia, Canada, and the United States, the European Union (EU) is moving from seeing migration as a problem or a threat to viewing it as an opportunity. As an EU agency promoting skills and human capital development in transition and developing countries, the European Training Foundation (ETF) wished to explore the impact of migration on skills development, with a special emphasis on Diasporas and returning migrants. For the World Bank, the issue of migration forms an integral part of its approach to social protection, since it believes that labor-market policy must take into account the national as well the international dimensions of skilled labor mobility. Both institutions were keen to look at what changes need to be made to migration policy in order to achieve a triple-win situation, one that can benefit both sending and receiving countries as well as the migrants themselves. This report aims to unravel the complex relationship between migration and skills development. It paints a precise picture of potential and returning migrants from four very different countries, Albania, the Arab Republic of Egypt, Moldova, and Tunisia, that is a conscious choice of two 'traditional' (Egypt, Tunisia) and two 'new' (Albania, Moldova) sending countries, and describes the skills they possess and the impact that the experience of migration has on their skills development. It is harder to draw accurate conclusions on the link between job aspirations and current employment status, since many of the potential migrants were not actively employed at the time of the interview. However, the data suggest people did expect to change jobs as a result of migration, and the sectors they expected to work in varied according to their nationality. Focusing solely on those planning to move to the EU, many Albanians expected to work in domestic service, hospitality, and construction; Egyptians expected to work in hospitality and construction; Moldovans expected to work in domestic service and construction; and Tunisians expected to work in hospitality and manufacturing. Few migrants working in agriculture or petty trade aimed to work in these same sectors while abroad.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	World Bank
dc.relation	Directions in Development ; human development
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ACCESS TO EDUCATION
dc.subject	ADULT EDUCATION
dc.subject	ADULT POPULATION
dc.subject	ARCHAEOLOGY
dc.subject	ASYLUM
dc.subject	ASYLUM POLICY
dc.subject	BASIC EDUCATION
dc.subject	BRAIN DRAIN
dc.subject	CITIZEN
dc.subject	CITIZENS
dc.subject	CITIZENSHIP
dc.subject	CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION
dc.subject	COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN
dc.subject	COUNTRY OF ORIGIN
dc.subject	CULTURAL CHANGE
dc.subject	CURRENT POPULATION
dc.subject	DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES
dc.subject	DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT POLICIES
dc.subject	DIASPORA
dc.subject	DISSEMINATION
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	EDUCATED MEN
dc.subject	EDUCATED WOMEN
dc.subject	EDUCATION SYSTEMS
dc.subject	EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subject	EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
dc.subject	EMIGRANTS
dc.subject	EMIGRATION
dc.subject	EMIGRATION POLICIES
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
dc.subject	ENTREPRENEURSHIP
dc.subject	EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subject	EXPATRIATES
dc.subject	FAMILIES
dc.subject	FAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subject	FAMILY REUNIFICATION
dc.subject	FEMALE MIGRANTS
dc.subject	FERTILITY
dc.subject	FERTILITY RATE
dc.subject	FERTILITY RATES
dc.subject	FEWER WOMEN
dc.subject	FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS
dc.subject	FLOW OF MIGRANTS
dc.subject	FORMAL EDUCATION
dc.subject	GENDER
dc.subject	GENDER BIAS
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
dc.subject	HEALTH CARE
dc.subject	HOME COUNTRIES
dc.subject	HOST COUNTRIES
dc.subject	HOST COUNTRY
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subject	HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	ILLEGAL MIGRANTS
dc.subject	IMMIGRANTS
dc.subject	IMMIGRATION
dc.subject	IMMIGRATION COUNTRIES
dc.subject	IMMIGRATION POLICY
dc.subject	IMMIGRATION SYSTEM
dc.subject	IMPACT OF MIGRATION
dc.subject	INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES
dc.subject	INFORMATION DISSEMINATION
dc.subject	INFORMATION SYSTEM
dc.subject	INSURANCE
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL POLICY
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subject	IRREGULAR MIGRATION
dc.subject	JOB OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	LABOR MIGRATION
dc.subject	LABOR SHORTAGES
dc.subject	LAWS
dc.subject	LEGAL STATUS
dc.subject	LEVEL OF EDUCATION
dc.subject	LEVELS OF EDUCATION
dc.subject	LIFELONG LEARNING
dc.subject	LOCAL COMMUNITY
dc.subject	LOCAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	LOCAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	LONG-TERM RESIDENTS
dc.subject	MARITAL STATUS
dc.subject	MIGRANT
dc.subject	MIGRANT WORKERS
dc.subject	MIGRANTS
dc.subject	MIGRATION
dc.subject	MIGRATION FLOWS
dc.subject	MIGRATION FOR EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	MIGRATION ISSUES
dc.subject	MIGRATION PATTERNS
dc.subject	MIGRATION POLICIES
dc.subject	MIGRATION POLICY
dc.subject	MIGRATION PROCESS
dc.subject	MINORITY
dc.subject	MOBILITY
dc.subject	MUNICIPALITIES
dc.subject	NATIONAL STRATEGY
dc.subject	NATIONALS
dc.subject	NUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subject	NUMBER OF PEOPLE
dc.subject	PENSIONS
dc.subject	POLICIES ON MIGRATION
dc.subject	POLICY CHANGE
dc.subject	POLICY DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	POLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subject	POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION
dc.subject	POTENTIAL MIGRANTS
dc.subject	PUBLIC DEBATE
dc.subject	PUSH FACTOR
dc.subject	QUALITY OF EDUCATION
dc.subject	REFUGEE
dc.subject	REMIGRATION
dc.subject	REMITTANCES
dc.subject	REMITTANCES FROM MIGRANTS
dc.subject	RESEARCH TECHNIQUES
dc.subject	RETURN MIGRATION
dc.subject	RETURN OF MIGRANTS
dc.subject	RETURNEES
dc.subject	SAVINGS
dc.subject	SECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subject	SIGNIFICANT POLICY
dc.subject	SKILLED MIGRANTS
dc.subject	SKILLED WORKERS
dc.subject	SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	SOCIAL AFFAIRS
dc.subject	SOCIAL CAPITAL
dc.subject	SOCIAL CHANGE
dc.subject	SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	SOCIAL NETWORKS
dc.subject	SOCIAL POLICIES
dc.subject	SOCIAL SCIENCES
dc.subject	SOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subject	SOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subject	SOCIETIES
dc.subject	SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS
dc.subject	SOCIOLOGY
dc.subject	SPOUSE
dc.subject	SUBSIDIARY
dc.subject	TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subject	TEMPORARY MIGRATION
dc.subject	TERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subject	TOWNS
dc.subject	TRAINING CENTERS
dc.subject	TRANSPORT
dc.subject	TREATY
dc.subject	UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subject	VILLAGES
dc.subject	VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
dc.subject	WAR
dc.subject	WOMAN
dc.subject	WORK EXPERIENCE
dc.subject	WORKFORCE
dc.subject	WORKING CONDITIONS
dc.subject	YOUNG ADULT
dc.subject	YOUNG ADULTS
dc.subject	YOUNG PEOPLE
dc.title	Migration and Skills : The Experience of Migrant Workers from Albania, Egypt, Moldova, and Tunisia
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Publication
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Publication
dc.coverage	Middle East and North Africa
dc.coverage	Europe and Central Asia
dc.coverage	Commonwealth of Independent States
dc.coverage	North Africa
dc.coverage	Southeastern Europe
dc.coverage	Egypt, Arab Republic of
dc.coverage	Moldova
dc.coverage	Albania
dc.coverage	Tunisia