Building Engines for Growth and
            Competitiveness in China : Experience with Special Economic
            Zones and Industrial Clusters

Zeng, Douglas Zhihua

dc.creator	Zeng, Douglas Zhihua
dc.date	2012-03-19T09:35:03Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T09:35:03Z
dc.date	2010
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:37:33Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:37:33Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000334955_20100907031620
dc.identifier	978-0-8213-8432-9
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2501
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/242929
dc.description	China's meteoric economic rise over the past three decades is an unprecedented "growth miracle" in human history. Since the Open Door policy and reforms that began in 1978, China's gross domestic product (GDP) has been growing at an average annual rate of more than 9 percent, with its global share increasing from 1 percent in 1980 to almost 6.5 percent in 2008 and its per capita GDP increasing from US$193 to US$3,263. Total exports have been growing at an average annual rate of 13 percent (21.5 percent from 1998 to 2007), with China's share of total exports increasing from 1.7 percent in 1980 to 9.5 percent in 2008. In 2007, China's incremental growth in real GDP actually exceeded its entire real GDP in 1979. In 2010, China is set to outpace Japan and become the world's second-largest economy. China has indisputably become an important growth engine of the global economy and a leader in international trade and investment. Rapid growth in the past decades has helped lift more than 400 million people out of poverty. These results are truly impressive. While China's rapid rise has become a hot topic for development debate among policy makers, business people, and scholars all over the world, the numerous special economic zones (SEZs) and industrial clusters that have sprung up since the reforms are undoubtedly two important engines for driving the country's growth.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	World Bank
dc.relation	Directions in Development ; countries and regions
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ACCOUNTING
dc.subject	ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL
dc.subject	ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM
dc.subject	BANK LOANS
dc.subject	BENCHMARKS
dc.subject	BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
dc.subject	BUSINESS ACTIVITY
dc.subject	BUSINESS CENTER
dc.subject	BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
dc.subject	BUSINESS NEEDS
dc.subject	BUSINESS PLANNING
dc.subject	BUSINESS SECTOR
dc.subject	BUSINESS SERVICES
dc.subject	BUSINESS VALUE
dc.subject	BUSINESSES
dc.subject	BUYERS
dc.subject	CAPITAL INVESTMENT
dc.subject	CAPITAL INVESTMENTS
dc.subject	CENTRALLY PLANNED ECONOMY
dc.subject	COMMERCE
dc.subject	COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subject	COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
dc.subject	COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subject	COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subject	COMPUTERS
dc.subject	CONCESSIONARY TAX
dc.subject	COPYRIGHT
dc.subject	CORPORATE TAX RATE
dc.subject	CREDIT POLICIES
dc.subject	CURRENCY
dc.subject	CUSTOMS
dc.subject	CUSTOMS CLEARANCE
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT POLICIES
dc.subject	DIRECT INVESTMENTS
dc.subject	DIVISION OF LABOR
dc.subject	DOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subject	DRIVERS
dc.subject	E-MAIL
dc.subject	ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
dc.subject	ECONOMIC BENEFITS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subject	ECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subject	ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
dc.subject	ECONOMICS
dc.subject	ECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subject	ELECTRICITY
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	ENABLING ENVIRONMENT
dc.subject	ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS
dc.subject	ENTREPRENEURIAL CULTURE
dc.subject	ENTRY BARRIERS
dc.subject	ENVIRONMENTAL
dc.subject	ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
dc.subject	EQUIPMENT
dc.subject	EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subject	EXCHANGE RATES
dc.subject	EXPENDITURE
dc.subject	EXPORT GROWTH
dc.subject	EXPORTERS
dc.subject	EXPORTS
dc.subject	EXTERNALITIES
dc.subject	EXTERNALITY
dc.subject	FINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subject	FISCAL POLICIES
dc.subject	FISHERIES
dc.subject	FIXED INVESTMENT
dc.subject	FOREIGN BANKS
dc.subject	FOREIGN CAPITAL
dc.subject	FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subject	FOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subject	FOREIGN INVESTMENT
dc.subject	FOREIGN INVESTORS
dc.subject	FOREIGN TRADE
dc.subject	FORESTRY
dc.subject	FREE TRADE
dc.subject	GDP
dc.subject	GDP PER CAPITA
dc.subject	GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE
dc.subject	GLOBAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	GLOBAL MARKET
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT POLICIES
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT POLICY
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT REVENUE
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT SUPPORT
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT SUPPORTS
dc.subject	GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subject	GROWTH RATE
dc.subject	HUMAN RESOURCES
dc.subject	INCOME
dc.subject	INCOME TAX
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE
dc.subject	INDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subject	INFORMATION NETWORKS
dc.subject	INFORMATION SERVICES
dc.subject	INFORMATION SYSTEM
dc.subject	INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	INNOVATION
dc.subject	INNOVATION PROGRAM
dc.subject	INNOVATIONS
dc.subject	INSPECTION
dc.subject	INSTITUTION
dc.subject	INSURANCE
dc.subject	INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
dc.subject	INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subject	INTERMEDIARY ORGANIZATIONS
dc.subject	INTERMEDIATE GOODS
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL MARKET
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subject	INVENTION
dc.subject	JUDICIAL SYSTEM
dc.subject	KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
dc.subject	LABOR FORCE
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	LABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subject	LABORERS
dc.subject	LEVEL PLAYING FIELD
dc.subject	LICENSE
dc.subject	LICENSES
dc.subject	LOCAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	LOCAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subject	LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subject	LOCAL MARKET
dc.subject	LOCAL MARKETS
dc.subject	MANUFACTURING
dc.subject	MARKET ACCESS
dc.subject	MARKET COMPETITION
dc.subject	MARKET CONDITIONS
dc.subject	MARKET ECONOMY
dc.subject	MARKET FAILURE
dc.subject	MARKET PRICES
dc.subject	MARKET SEGMENTS
dc.subject	MARKETING
dc.subject	MATERIAL
dc.subject	MEDIUM ENTERPRISE
dc.subject	MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
dc.subject	MERCHANTS
dc.subject	MINIMUM WAGE
dc.subject	NATIONAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	NATURAL RESOURCE
dc.subject	NATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subject	NETWORKS
dc.subject	NEW TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subject	OPPORTUNITY COST
dc.subject	PATENTS
dc.subject	PERFORMANCES
dc.subject	PERSONAL COMPUTER
dc.subject	PHOTO
dc.subject	PHYSICAL LOCATION
dc.subject	POLICY ENVIRONMENT
dc.subject	POLICY INSTRUMENTS
dc.subject	POLICY MAKERS
dc.subject	POLLUTION
dc.subject	PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
dc.subject	PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS
dc.subject	PRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subject	PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	PRODUCERS
dc.subject	PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	PRODUCTION PROCESS
dc.subject	PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subject	PROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subject	PUBLIC GOODS
dc.subject	PURCHASING POWER
dc.subject	QUALITY STANDARDS
dc.subject	QUERIES
dc.subject	R&D
dc.subject	REAL GDP
dc.subject	REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT
dc.subject	RESULT
dc.subject	RESULTS
dc.subject	SATELLITE
dc.subject	SKILLED LABOR
dc.subject	SKILLED WORKERS
dc.subject	SOCIAL CAPITAL
dc.subject	SOCIAL NETWORKS
dc.subject	STOCK EXCHANGE
dc.subject	SUPPLIERS
dc.subject	SUPPLY CHAINS
dc.subject	SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	TARGETS
dc.subject	TAX
dc.subject	TAX EXEMPTION
dc.subject	TAX POLICIES
dc.subject	TAX RATE
dc.subject	TAX RATES
dc.subject	TAX REDUCTION
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY CONSULTING
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY PARK
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
dc.subject	TELECOM
dc.subject	TELEPHONE
dc.subject	TELEPHONE LINES
dc.subject	TRADE CREDITS
dc.subject	TRADING
dc.subject	TRANSACTION
dc.subject	TRANSACTION COSTS
dc.subject	TRUST FUND
dc.subject	TURNOVER
dc.subject	URBAN EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	USERS
dc.subject	VALUE ADDED
dc.subject	VALUE CHAIN
dc.subject	VALUE CHAINS
dc.subject	WAREHOUSE
dc.subject	WEALTH
dc.subject	WORLD TRADE
dc.subject	WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subject	WTO
dc.title	Building Engines for Growth and Competitiveness in China : Experience with Special Economic Zones and Industrial Clusters
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Publication
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Publication
dc.coverage	East Asia and Pacific
dc.coverage	East Asia
dc.coverage	Asia
dc.coverage	China