Assessment of the Risk of Amazon Dieback

Vergara, Walter; Scholz, Sebastian M.

dc.creator	Vergara, Walter
dc.creator	Scholz, Sebastian M.
dc.date	2012-03-19T09:35:51Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T09:35:51Z
dc.date	2011
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:37:56Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:37:56Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20101124000244
dc.identifier	978-0-8213-8621-7
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2531
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/242954
dc.description	The Amazon basin is a key component of the global carbon cycle. The old-growth rainforests in the basin represent storage of ~ 120 petagrams of carbon (Pg C) in their biomass. Annually, these tropical forests process approximately 18 Pg C through respiration and photosynthesis. This is more than twice the rate of global anthropogenic fossil fuel emissions. The basin is also the largest global repository of biodiversity and produces about 20 percent of the world's flow of fresh water into the oceans. Despite the large carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux from recent deforestation, the Amazon rainforest ecosystem is still considered to be a net carbon sinks of 0.8-1.1 Pg C per year because growth on average exceeds mortality (Phillips et al. 2008). However, current climate trends and human-induced deforestation may be transforming forest structure and behavior (Phillips et al. 2009). Increasing temperatures may accelerate respiration rates and thus carbon emissions from soils (Malhi and Grace 2000). High probabilities for modification in rainfall patterns (Malhi et al. 2008) and prolonged drought stress may lead to reductions in biomass density. Resulting changes in evapo-transpiration and therefore convective precipitation could further accelerate drought conditions and destabilize the tropical ecosystem as a whole, causing a reduction in its biomass carrying capacity or dieback. In turn, changes in the structure of the Amazon and its associated water cycle will have implications for the many endemic species it contains and result in changes at a continental scale. Clearly, with much at stake, if climate-induced damage alters the state of the Amazon ecosystem, there is a need to better understand its risk, process, and dynamics. The objective of this study is to assist in understanding the risk, process, and dynamics of potential Amazon dieback and its implications.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	World Bank
dc.relation	A World Bank study
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ABOVEGROUND VEGETATION
dc.subject	AEROSOLS
dc.subject	AIR
dc.subject	AIR TEMPERATURE
dc.subject	AMAZON DEFORESTATION
dc.subject	AMAZON FOREST
dc.subject	AMAZON RAINFOREST
dc.subject	AMAZONIAN FOREST
dc.subject	AMAZONIAN RAINFALL
dc.subject	ANNUAL PRECIPITATION
dc.subject	ATMOSPHERE
dc.subject	ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN GENERAL CIRCULATION
dc.subject	ATMOSPHEREOCEAN GENERAL CIRCULATION
dc.subject	ATMOSPHERIC CARBON
dc.subject	ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE
dc.subject	ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
dc.subject	BIOCLIMATIC LIMITS
dc.subject	BIOMASS CARBON
dc.subject	BIOMASS DENSITY
dc.subject	BIOSPHERE
dc.subject	CARBON
dc.subject	CARBON CHANGE
dc.subject	CARBON CONTENT
dc.subject	CARBON DIOXIDE LEVELS
dc.subject	CARBON EMISSION
dc.subject	CARBON EMISSIONS
dc.subject	CARBON SINK
dc.subject	CARBON STARVATION
dc.subject	CENTURY TEMPERATURE
dc.subject	CLEAN ENERGY
dc.subject	CLIMATE
dc.subject	CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subject	CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
dc.subject	CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
dc.subject	CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECTIONS
dc.subject	CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS
dc.subject	CLIMATE CHANGES
dc.subject	CLIMATE CONDITIONS
dc.subject	CLIMATE EQUILIBRIUM
dc.subject	CLIMATE EXTREMES
dc.subject	CLIMATE FEEDBACKS
dc.subject	CLIMATE FORCING
dc.subject	CLIMATE IMPACT
dc.subject	CLIMATE IMPACT RESEARCH
dc.subject	CLIMATE IMPACTS
dc.subject	CLIMATE MODEL
dc.subject	CLIMATE MODELS
dc.subject	CLIMATE POLICIES
dc.subject	CLIMATE PREDICTION
dc.subject	CLIMATE RESEARCH
dc.subject	CLIMATE RESEARCH UNIT
dc.subject	CLIMATE SCENARIO
dc.subject	CLIMATE SCENARIOS
dc.subject	CLIMATE SCIENCE
dc.subject	CLIMATE SIMULATION
dc.subject	CLIMATE SIMULATIONS
dc.subject	CLIMATE TRENDS
dc.subject	CLIMATE-VEGETATION MODEL
dc.subject	CLIMATIC CHANGES
dc.subject	CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
dc.subject	CLIMATIC FACTORS
dc.subject	CLIMATIC RESEARCH
dc.subject	CLIMATIC VARIABLE
dc.subject	CLIMATOLOGY
dc.subject	CLOUD COVER
dc.subject	CLOUDS
dc.subject	CO2
dc.subject	COLORS
dc.subject	CONVECTIVE PRECIPITATION
dc.subject	CONVERGENCE
dc.subject	CRU
dc.subject	DEFORESTATION
dc.subject	DEFORESTATION SCENARIOS
dc.subject	DROUGHT
dc.subject	DRY FORESTS
dc.subject	DRY SEASON
dc.subject	DYNAMIC GLOBAL VEGETATION MODEL
dc.subject	ECOSYSTEM
dc.subject	ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE
dc.subject	ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES
dc.subject	ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE
dc.subject	EMISSION
dc.subject	EMISSION SCENARIO
dc.subject	EMISSION SCENARIOS
dc.subject	EMISSION TRAJECTORIES
dc.subject	EMISSIONS
dc.subject	EMISSIONS FROM SOILS
dc.subject	EMISSIONS SCENARIOS
dc.subject	ENDEMIC SPECIES
dc.subject	ENERGY EFFICIENCY
dc.subject	ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
dc.subject	ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIST
dc.subject	EVAPORATION
dc.subject	EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
dc.subject	EXTREME DRY
dc.subject	EXTREME EVENTS
dc.subject	EXTREME PRECIPITATION
dc.subject	EXTREME PRECIPITATION EVENTS
dc.subject	EXTREME WEATHER
dc.subject	EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS
dc.subject	FERTILIZATION
dc.subject	FLOODS
dc.subject	FOREST
dc.subject	FOREST BIOMASS
dc.subject	FOREST BIOMASS ESTIMATE
dc.subject	FOREST CARBON
dc.subject	FOREST CONSERVATION
dc.subject	FOREST COVER
dc.subject	FOREST DEGRADATION
dc.subject	FOREST DIEBACK
dc.subject	FOREST ECOSYSTEMS
dc.subject	FOREST GROWTH
dc.subject	FOREST MICROCLIMATOLOGY
dc.subject	FOREST STANDS
dc.subject	FOREST STRUCTURE
dc.subject	FOREST TYPES
dc.subject	FORESTS
dc.subject	FOSSIL FUEL
dc.subject	FOSSIL FUEL EMISSIONS
dc.subject	FOSSIL FUELS
dc.subject	GCM
dc.subject	GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL
dc.subject	GHG
dc.subject	GHGS
dc.subject	GLOBAL AVERAGE SURFACE WARMING
dc.subject	GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY
dc.subject	GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE
dc.subject	GLOBAL CLIMATE
dc.subject	GLOBAL EMISSION
dc.subject	GLOBAL EMISSIONS
dc.subject	GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS
dc.subject	GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION
dc.subject	GLOBAL PRECIPITATION
dc.subject	GLOBAL PRECIPITATION CLIMATOLOGY
dc.subject	GLOBAL SCALE
dc.subject	GLOBAL VEGETATION
dc.subject	GLOBAL WARMING
dc.subject	GREENHOUSE
dc.subject	GREENHOUSE GASES
dc.subject	HYDROLOGICAL CHANGES
dc.subject	HYDROLOGY
dc.subject	ICE
dc.subject	IMPACT OF CLIMATE
dc.subject	IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subject	INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE POLICY
dc.subject	INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE
dc.subject	IPCC
dc.subject	ITCZ
dc.subject	LAND SURFACE
dc.subject	LAND USE
dc.subject	LAND USE CHANGE
dc.subject	LAND USE CHANGES
dc.subject	LIGHTNING
dc.subject	LOSS OF VEGETATION
dc.subject	MEAN RAINFALL
dc.subject	METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH
dc.subject	METHANE
dc.subject	NITROGEN
dc.subject	OCEANS
dc.subject	PHOTOSYNTHESIS
dc.subject	PLANT GROWTH
dc.subject	PRECIPITATION
dc.subject	RADIATIVE FORCING
dc.subject	RAIN
dc.subject	RAINFALL
dc.subject	RAINFALL ANOMALIES
dc.subject	RAINFALL DISTRIBUTIONS
dc.subject	RAINFALL REDUCTION
dc.subject	RAINFALL TREND
dc.subject	RAINFALL VARIABILITY
dc.subject	RENEWABLE ENERGY
dc.subject	RESPONSE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subject	SCIENTISTS
dc.subject	SEA LEVEL RISE
dc.subject	SEASON
dc.subject	SEASONAL RAINFALL
dc.subject	SULPHATE
dc.subject	SURFACE MODEL
dc.subject	SURFACE PRESSURE
dc.subject	SURFACE RUNOFF
dc.subject	SURFACE TEMPERATURE
dc.subject	SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES
dc.subject	SURFACE TEMPERATURE CHANGE
dc.subject	SURFACE TEMPERATURES
dc.subject	SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	TEMPERATE FORESTS
dc.subject	TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES
dc.subject	TEMPERATURE ANOMALY
dc.subject	TEMPERATURE CHANGE
dc.subject	TEMPERATURE CHANGES
dc.subject	TEMPERATURE INCREASE
dc.subject	TEMPERATURE INDEXES
dc.subject	TREE SPECIES
dc.subject	TROPICAL BROADLEAF EVERGREEN
dc.subject	TROPICAL FOREST
dc.subject	TROPICAL FOREST BIOMASS
dc.subject	TROPICAL FORESTS
dc.subject	TROPICS
dc.subject	URBAN AREAS
dc.subject	VEGETATION CARBON
dc.subject	VEGETATION CHANGE
dc.subject	VEGETATION DYNAMICS
dc.subject	VEGETATION GROWTH
dc.subject	WATER CYCLE
dc.subject	WEATHER FORECASTING
dc.subject	WEATHER PREDICTION
dc.subject	WET SEASON
dc.subject	WIND
dc.subject	WOODLAND
dc.title	Assessment of the Risk of Amazon Dieback
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Publication
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Publication