Making the Cut? Low-Income Countries
            and the Global Clothing Value Chain in a Post-Quota and
            Post-Crisis World

Staritz, Cornelia

dc.creator	Staritz, Cornelia
dc.date	2012-03-19T09:36:10Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T09:36:10Z
dc.date	2011
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:38:14Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:38:14Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000334955_20110107051736
dc.identifier	978-0-8213-8636-1
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2547
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/242970
dc.description	The clothing sector has traditionally been a gateway to export diversification and industrial development for low-income countries (LICs) but recent developments may condition this role. In most developed and middle-income countries, the clothing sector was central in the industrialization process. Recently, however, the environment for global clothing trade has changed significantly, driven by the rise of organizational buyers and their global sourcing strategies, the phase-out of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement (MFA) at the end of 2004, and the global economic crisis in 2008-09. Changes in global supply and demand structures have increased competition between LIC exporters but also offer new opportunities in fast-growing emerging markets. The second half of the twentieth century was characterized by a rising demand for clothing and the replacement of developed countries' domestic production by imports from developing countries. Today, however, demand has stagnated and import penetration levels are close to 100 percent in most developed countries. Thus, the growth of clothing exports from a few developing countries largely comes at the expense of clothing producers in other developing countries. The heightened competition between developing countries has been reinforced by overcapacity in the global clothing industry since the MFA phase-out and has been accelerated by the global economic crisis. However, changes in demand structures post-crisis may lead to new opportunities. While import demand for clothing in the Unites States, the European Union (EU), and Japan might stagnate, demand will increase in fast-growing emerging markets.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	World Bank
dc.relation	World Bank Study
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ACCOUNTING
dc.subject	ACRYLIC
dc.subject	APPAREL
dc.subject	APPAREL INDUSTRY
dc.subject	APPAREL PRODUCT
dc.subject	APPLIED TARIFF
dc.subject	AVERAGE PRICE
dc.subject	AVERAGE TARIFFS
dc.subject	BENEFICIARIES
dc.subject	BENEFICIARY
dc.subject	BILATERAL TRADE
dc.subject	BONDED WAREHOUSE
dc.subject	BONDED WAREHOUSES
dc.subject	CAPACITY BUILDING
dc.subject	CASH FLOWS
dc.subject	CLOTHING
dc.subject	CLOTHING EXPORTS
dc.subject	CLOTHING INDUSTRY
dc.subject	CLOTHING PRODUCTS
dc.subject	COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subject	COMPETITIVE PRICE
dc.subject	COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subject	CONSUMER GOODS
dc.subject	CONSUMERS
dc.subject	COTTON
dc.subject	CREDIT LINE
dc.subject	CREDIT LINES
dc.subject	DEFICITS
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES
dc.subject	DOMESTIC MARKETS
dc.subject	DOMESTIC PRODUCERS
dc.subject	DOMESTIC PRODUCTION
dc.subject	DYEING
dc.subject	ECONOMIC COOPERATION
dc.subject	ECONOMIC CRISIS
dc.subject	ECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subject	EMERGING MARKETS
dc.subject	ENTRY BARRIERS
dc.subject	EQUIPMENT
dc.subject	EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subject	EXCHANGE RATES
dc.subject	EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subject	EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION
dc.subject	EXPORT GROWTH
dc.subject	EXPORT MARKETS
dc.subject	EXPORT PROCESSING
dc.subject	EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE
dc.subject	EXPORT SECTORS
dc.subject	EXPORT SHARE
dc.subject	EXPORT SHARES
dc.subject	EXPORT VALUE
dc.subject	EXPORTER
dc.subject	EXPORTERS
dc.subject	FABRICS
dc.subject	FIBRE
dc.subject	FINANCIAL CRISIS
dc.subject	FINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subject	FINISHING INDUSTRY
dc.subject	FIXED COSTS
dc.subject	FOOTWEAR
dc.subject	FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subject	FOREIGN INVESTMENT
dc.subject	FOREIGN INVESTMENTS
dc.subject	FOREIGN INVESTORS
dc.subject	FOREIGN OWNERSHIP
dc.subject	FREE ACCESS
dc.subject	FREE TRADE
dc.subject	FREE TRADE AREA
dc.subject	GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES
dc.subject	GLOBAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	GLOBAL MARKETS
dc.subject	GLOBALIZATION
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT POLICIES
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT SUPPORT
dc.subject	GROSS MARGIN
dc.subject	GROWTH RATE
dc.subject	HIGH TARIFFS
dc.subject	HUMAN RESOURCES
dc.subject	IMPORT DUTIES
dc.subject	IMPORT MARKETS
dc.subject	IMPORT PENETRATION
dc.subject	IMPORTS OF TEXTILES
dc.subject	INCOME
dc.subject	INDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subject	INSURANCE
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL FINANCE
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subject	INVENTORY
dc.subject	INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS
dc.subject	ITC
dc.subject	LDCS
dc.subject	LENDER
dc.subject	LENDER OF LAST RESORT
dc.subject	LOCAL BUSINESS
dc.subject	LONG-TERM FINANCE
dc.subject	LONG-TERM LOANS
dc.subject	MARKET ACCESS
dc.subject	MARKET CONCENTRATION
dc.subject	MARKET DIVERSIFICATION
dc.subject	MARKET SEGMENT
dc.subject	MARKET SHARE
dc.subject	MARKET SHARES
dc.subject	MARKET STRUCTURES
dc.subject	MARKETING
dc.subject	MERCHANDISE
dc.subject	MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
dc.subject	MERCHANDISING
dc.subject	NATURAL FIBERS
dc.subject	NYLON
dc.subject	POLYESTER
dc.subject	PREFERENTIAL ACCESS
dc.subject	PREFERENTIAL MARKET ACCESS
dc.subject	PREFERENTIAL TARIFF
dc.subject	PREFERENTIAL TRADE
dc.subject	PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subject	PRICE LEVEL
dc.subject	QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS
dc.subject	QUOTAS
dc.subject	RAW MATERIAL
dc.subject	RAW MATERIALS
dc.subject	REGIONAL INTEGRATION
dc.subject	REGIONAL TRADE
dc.subject	REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subject	REGULATORY SYSTEM
dc.subject	RETAIL
dc.subject	RETURN
dc.subject	RISK AVERSE
dc.subject	RULES OF ORIGIN
dc.subject	SALES
dc.subject	SEWING
dc.subject	SPECIALIZATION
dc.subject	SPINNING
dc.subject	SPREAD
dc.subject	SUPPLIER
dc.subject	SUPPLIERS
dc.subject	SUPPLY CHAIN
dc.subject	SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
dc.subject	SUPPLY CHAINS
dc.subject	SUPPLY OF CREDIT
dc.subject	SYNTHETIC FIBERS
dc.subject	TARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subject	TARIFF PREFERENCES
dc.subject	TARIFF RATE
dc.subject	TARIFF RATES
dc.subject	TARIFF SCHEDULE
dc.subject	TAX
dc.subject	TEXTILE
dc.subject	TEXTILE IMPORTS
dc.subject	TEXTILE INDUSTRIES
dc.subject	TEXTILE MILLS
dc.subject	TEXTILE PRODUCTS
dc.subject	TRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subject	TRADE BARRIERS
dc.subject	TRADE DATA
dc.subject	TRADE FACILITATION
dc.subject	TRADE FINANCE
dc.subject	TRADE PATTERNS
dc.subject	TRADE RESTRICTIONS
dc.subject	TRADE UNION
dc.subject	TRADING
dc.subject	TRUST FUND
dc.subject	VALUE ADDED
dc.subject	WAGES
dc.subject	WAREHOUSE
dc.subject	WAREHOUSES
dc.subject	WASTE
dc.subject	WOOL
dc.subject	WORKING CAPITAL
dc.subject	WORLD TRADE
dc.subject	WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subject	WTO
dc.subject	YARN
dc.subject	YARNS
dc.subject	ZERO TARIFFS
dc.title	Making the Cut? Low-Income Countries and the Global Clothing Value Chain in a Post-Quota and Post-Crisis World
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Publication
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Publication