Taking Stock of Recent Migration Flows in the European Union

World Bank

dc.creator	World Bank
dc.date	2012-03-19T10:25:53Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T10:25:53Z
dc.date	2010-01-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:44:52Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:44:52Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000334955_20110120014405
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2965
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/243319
dc.description	Expanded employment opportunities across the continent have been one of the most significant changes to have taken place in Europe during the past 50 years. Since the inception of the European Economic Community in 1957 involving 6 countries (Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and West Germany) with a combined population of less than 200 million, the European Union (EU) has grown to encompass nearly 500 million people across 27 member countries that produce, in total, about 30 percent of the world's total gross domestic product. May 2010 marked the six-year anniversary of the inclusion of eight countries from Central and Eastern Europe (Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia) into the EU, followed by Romania and Bulgaria in January 2007. An important consequence of these 10 new member states (henceforth EU10) joining the EU has been to expand the internal EU labor market, albeit to varying extents for nationals of different member countries. Migration flows out of the EU10 following the 2004 enlargement is hampered by various technical and data constraints. As a result, the policy debates on the welfare consequences of migration following enlargement for both the host and sender countries have often been based on speculation and ideology rather than on the empirical evidence per se. Following the accession of EU10 countries to the EU, how large were the ensuing flows of migrant workers, and what were their main socio-economic characteristics?-in particular, how do migrants from within the EU compare to those from countries outside the EU? Are migrants poorer than the native-born population?-do they impose a high economic and social burden on the countries where they currently reside? Addressing these and other such key issues of policy interest are among the main questions addressed by this report. Using information from a variety of data sources, it takes stock of the nature, extent, and impact of EU migration following EU10 accession, and synthesizes the main lessons from this experience for future migration policy. In particular, the report highlights the positive contributions made by migrants in their host countries, as well as documents the growing importance of remittances in receiving countries.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	World Bank
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE
dc.subject	AGE GROUP
dc.subject	AGE GROUPS
dc.subject	AVERAGE INCOME
dc.subject	BORDER REGIONS
dc.subject	BRAIN DRAIN
dc.subject	CENSUS BUREAU
dc.subject	CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRANTS
dc.subject	CITIZEN
dc.subject	CITIZENS
dc.subject	CITIZENSHIP
dc.subject	CLERKS
dc.subject	COMPENSATION
dc.subject	CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION
dc.subject	COST OF MIGRATION
dc.subject	COSTS OF MIGRATION
dc.subject	COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN
dc.subject	COUNTRY OF ORIGIN
dc.subject	CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA
dc.subject	DEMAND FOR LABOR
dc.subject	DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DOMESTIC LABOR
dc.subject	DOMESTIC LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	DRIVERS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC STATUS
dc.subject	EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subject	ELDERLY
dc.subject	ELDERLY PEOPLE
dc.subject	EMIGRATION
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subject	EU
dc.subject	EUROPEAN LABOR
dc.subject	EXPECTED WAGES
dc.subject	FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subject	FOREIGN POPULATION
dc.subject	GENDER
dc.subject	GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subject	HEALTH CARE
dc.subject	HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	HOME
dc.subject	HOME COUNTRIES
dc.subject	HOST COUNTRIES
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subject	ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION
dc.subject	IMMIGRANT
dc.subject	IMMIGRANT STATUS
dc.subject	IMMIGRANTS
dc.subject	IMMIGRATION FLOWS
dc.subject	IMMIGRATION POLICY
dc.subject	INCOME DIFFERENTIALS
dc.subject	INFORMAL CHANNELS
dc.subject	INFORMED DECISIONS
dc.subject	INTERNAL MIGRANTS
dc.subject	INTERNAL MIGRATION
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL LABOR MIGRATION
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION FLOWS
dc.subject	JOB MARKET
dc.subject	JOB SEARCH
dc.subject	JOB-SEEKERS
dc.subject	JOBS
dc.subject	LABOR FORCE
dc.subject	LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subject	LABOR INFORMATION
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET INFORMATION
dc.subject	LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	LABOR MOBILITY
dc.subject	LABOR MOVEMENT
dc.subject	LABOR MOVEMENTS
dc.subject	LABOR SUPPLY
dc.subject	LABOUR
dc.subject	LABOUR MARKET
dc.subject	LIVING CONDITIONS
dc.subject	LIVING STANDARDS
dc.subject	LOCAL AUTHORITIES
dc.subject	LOCAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	LOCAL EMPLOYMENT OFFICES
dc.subject	LOCAL LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	MIGRANT
dc.subject	MIGRANT HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	MIGRANT LABOR
dc.subject	MIGRANT LABOR FORCE
dc.subject	MIGRANT POPULATION
dc.subject	MIGRANT WORKER
dc.subject	MIGRANT WORKERS
dc.subject	MIGRANTS
dc.subject	MIGRATION
dc.subject	MIGRATION COSTS
dc.subject	MIGRATION FLOWS
dc.subject	MIGRATION ISSUES
dc.subject	MIGRATION PATTERNS
dc.subject	MIGRATION POLICY
dc.subject	MIGRATION STATUS
dc.subject	MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE
dc.subject	NATIONAL BORDERS
dc.subject	NATIONAL POPULATION
dc.subject	NATIONALS
dc.subject	NET MIGRATION
dc.subject	NUMBER OF FOREIGNERS
dc.subject	NUMBER OF MIGRANTS
dc.subject	NUMBER OF WORKERS
dc.subject	OCCUPATIONS
dc.subject	PENSION
dc.subject	PERCENT OF MIGRANTS
dc.subject	POTENTIAL MIGRANTS
dc.subject	PROBIT REGRESSION
dc.subject	PROGRESS
dc.subject	PROVISION OF INFORMATION
dc.subject	PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES
dc.subject	PUBLIC POLICY
dc.subject	QUALITY SERVICES
dc.subject	QUANTITATIVE MEASURES
dc.subject	RECIPIENT COUNTRIES
dc.subject	REMITTANCE
dc.subject	REMITTANCES
dc.subject	RESIDENCE
dc.subject	RESPECT
dc.subject	RETURN MIGRATION
dc.subject	RISING UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	RURAL AREAS
dc.subject	SECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subject	SKILL LEVEL
dc.subject	SOCIAL BENEFITS
dc.subject	SOCIAL BURDEN
dc.subject	SOCIAL IMPACTS
dc.subject	SOCIAL LEGISLATION
dc.subject	SOCIAL PROTECTION
dc.subject	SOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subject	TRAINING SERVICES
dc.subject	TREATIES
dc.subject	TREATY
dc.subject	UNEMPLOYED
dc.subject	UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	VOCATIONAL TRAINING
dc.subject	WAGE DIFFERENTIALS
dc.subject	WAGE RATES
dc.subject	WILL
dc.subject	WORK PERMIT
dc.subject	WORKING CONDITIONS
dc.subject	WORKING-AGE POPULATION
dc.title	Taking Stock of Recent Migration Flows in the European Union
dc.type	Economic & Sector Work :: Pre-2003 Economic or Sector Report
dc.coverage	Europe and Central Asia