China - From Poor Areas to Poor People : China’s Evolving Poverty Reduction Agenda - An Assessment of Poverty and Inequality in China

World Bank

dc.creator	World Bank
dc.date	2012-03-19T17:22:44Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T17:22:44Z
dc.date	2009-03-05
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:45:49Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:45:49Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000334955_20090408062432
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3031
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/243373
dc.description	China's progress in poverty reduction over the last 25 years is enviable. One cannot fail to be impressed by what this vast nation of 1.3 billion people has achieved in so little time. In terms of a wide range of indicators, the progress has been remarkable. Poverty in terms of income and consumption has been dramatically reduced. Progress has also been substantial in terms of human development indicators. Most of the millennium development goals have either already been achieved or the country is well on the way to achieving them. As a result of this progress, the country is now at a very different stage of development than it was at the dawn of the economic reforms at the beginning of the 1980s. China's poverty reduction performance has been even more striking. Between 1981 and 2004, the fraction of the population consuming below this poverty line fell from 65 percent to 10 percent, and the absolute number of poor fell from 652 million to 135 million, a decline of over half a billion people. The most rapid declines in poverty, in both the poverty rate and the number of poor, occurred during the 6th, 8th, and 10th plans. During the 7th plan period the number of poor actually rose, while in the 9th plan period, the poverty rate declined only marginally. But the pace of poverty reduction resumed between 2001 and 2004 and there are indications that during the first couple of years of the 11th plan poverty has continued to decline rapidly. The most recent official estimate of rural poverty in China for 2007 puts the number of poor at 14.79 million, or less than 2 percent of the rural population. While there is no official urban poverty line, estimates by others have found poverty levels in urban areas to be negligible using an urban poverty line that is comparable to the official poverty line for rural areas. These estimates thus suggest that only about 1 percent of China's population is currently in extreme poverty. Notwithstanding this tremendous success, the central thesis of this report is that the task of poverty reduction in many ways continues and in some respects has become more demanding.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	World Bank
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ABSOLUTE TERMS
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL INCOMES
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL POLICIES
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subject	ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES
dc.subject	AVERAGE INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
dc.subject	BASIC EDUCATION
dc.subject	BASIC HEALTH
dc.subject	BASIC HEALTHCARE
dc.subject	BASIC NEEDS
dc.subject	BASIC SOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subject	CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subject	CHANGES IN POVERTY
dc.subject	CHRONIC POVERTY
dc.subject	COMPULSORY EDUCATION
dc.subject	CONCENTRATION OF LAND
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION POVERTY
dc.subject	CROSS-COUNTRY PERSPECTIVE
dc.subject	CURRENT POVERTY
dc.subject	DECLINE IN POVERTY
dc.subject	DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY
dc.subject	DEVELOPING WORLD
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
dc.subject	DISCRIMINATION
dc.subject	DISTRIBUTION OF LAND
dc.subject	DIVERSIFICATION
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subject	ECONOMIC REFORMS
dc.subject	ECONOMICS
dc.subject	EDUCATED WORKERS
dc.subject	EDUCATION LEVEL
dc.subject	EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subject	EGALITARIAN DISTRIBUTION
dc.subject	ELDERLY
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subject	ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
dc.subject	EXTERNAL TRADE
dc.subject	EXTREME POVERTY
dc.subject	FAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subject	FARM EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	FARM INCOME
dc.subject	FARM INCOMES
dc.subject	FARMERS
dc.subject	FOOD NEEDS
dc.subject	FOOD POVERTY
dc.subject	FORM OF POVERTY
dc.subject	GENDER GAP
dc.subject	GROWTH RATE
dc.subject	HEADCOUNT RATIO
dc.subject	HEALTH BUDGET
dc.subject	HEALTH EXPENDITURES
dc.subject	HEALTH FACILITIES
dc.subject	HEALTH INSURANCE
dc.subject	HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD BUDGET
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subject	HOUSING
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL ENDOWMENTS
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION
dc.subject	HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
dc.subject	INCOME
dc.subject	INCOME GAP
dc.subject	INCOME GROWTH
dc.subject	INCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subject	INCOME LEVELS
dc.subject	INCOME POVERTY
dc.subject	INCOME SHOCKS
dc.subject	INCOME SUPPORT
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL SECTOR
dc.subject	INEQUALITY
dc.subject	INEQUITIES
dc.subject	INFANT
dc.subject	INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	INSURANCE
dc.subject	INTERNAL MIGRATION
dc.subject	LABOR FORCE
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	LAND RIGHTS
dc.subject	LARGE CITIES
dc.subject	LEVEL OF EDUCATION
dc.subject	LITERACY RATES
dc.subject	LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subject	LOW POVERTY RATE
dc.subject	MEAN INCOMES
dc.subject	MEANS TESTING
dc.subject	MIGRANT
dc.subject	MIGRANT WORKERS
dc.subject	MIGRATION
dc.subject	MIGRATION FLOWS
dc.subject	MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
dc.subject	MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
dc.subject	MINISTRY OF HEALTH
dc.subject	MINORITY
dc.subject	MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE
dc.subject	NATIONAL POVERTY
dc.subject	NATURAL DISASTERS
dc.subject	NUMBER OF PEOPLE
dc.subject	OLD AGE
dc.subject	PENSIONS
dc.subject	PER CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subject	PER-CAPITA INCOME
dc.subject	POLICY DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	POLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subject	POLICY ISSUES
dc.subject	POOR
dc.subject	POOR AREAS
dc.subject	POOR COUNTIES
dc.subject	POOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	POOR LIVING
dc.subject	POOR PEOPLE
dc.subject	POOR POPULATION
dc.subject	POOR VILLAGES
dc.subject	POORER AREAS
dc.subject	POTENTIAL MIGRANTS
dc.subject	POVERTY ALLEVIATION
dc.subject	POVERTY ASSESSMENT
dc.subject	POVERTY ASSESSMENT TEAM
dc.subject	POVERTY DATA
dc.subject	POVERTY ESTIMATES
dc.subject	POVERTY GAP
dc.subject	POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE
dc.subject	POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES
dc.subject	POVERTY INCIDENCE
dc.subject	POVERTY LEVELS
dc.subject	POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	POVERTY LINES
dc.subject	POVERTY RATE
dc.subject	POVERTY RATES
dc.subject	POVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subject	POVERTY REDUCTION EFFORTS
dc.subject	POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAM
dc.subject	POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS
dc.subject	POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
dc.subject	POVERTY SITUATION
dc.subject	POVERTY STATUS
dc.subject	POVERTY THRESHOLD
dc.subject	PRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subject	PRO-POOR
dc.subject	PROGRESS
dc.subject	PUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subject	PUBLIC SERVICE
dc.subject	PUBLIC SERVICES
dc.subject	PURCHASING POWER
dc.subject	PURCHASING POWER PARITY
dc.subject	RAPID GROWTH
dc.subject	REDUCED POVERTY
dc.subject	REDUCING POVERTY
dc.subject	REDUCTION IN POVERTY
dc.subject	REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION
dc.subject	RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION
dc.subject	RELATIVE RISK OF POVERTY
dc.subject	RESPECT
dc.subject	RISK MANAGEMENT
dc.subject	RURAL
dc.subject	RURAL AREAS
dc.subject	RURAL COUNTIES
dc.subject	RURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	RURAL HEALTH
dc.subject	RURAL HOUSEHOLD
dc.subject	RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	RURAL INCOME
dc.subject	RURAL INCOMES
dc.subject	RURAL LABOR
dc.subject	RURAL MIGRANTS
dc.subject	RURAL POOR
dc.subject	RURAL POPULATION
dc.subject	RURAL POVERTY
dc.subject	RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subject	RURAL PRICES
dc.subject	RURAL RESIDENTS
dc.subject	RURAL WORKERS
dc.subject	SAFETY NET
dc.subject	SAVINGS
dc.subject	SCHOOLING
dc.subject	SECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subject	SECONDARY ENROLMENTS
dc.subject	SECONDARY SCHOOL
dc.subject	SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subject	SERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subject	SEX
dc.subject	SEX RATIO
dc.subject	SHORT-TERM TRAINING
dc.subject	SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subject	SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS
dc.subject	SOCIAL POLICIES
dc.subject	SOCIAL POLICY
dc.subject	SOCIAL PROTECTION
dc.subject	SOCIAL SCIENCES
dc.subject	SOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subject	SOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subject	SQUARED POVERTY GAP
dc.subject	STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
dc.subject	SUBSISTENCE
dc.subject	SURVIVAL RATE
dc.subject	TARGETING
dc.subject	UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subject	URBAN AREAS
dc.subject	URBAN BIAS
dc.subject	URBAN MIGRATION
dc.subject	URBAN POPULATION
dc.subject	URBAN POVERTY
dc.subject	URBAN WORKERS
dc.subject	USER FEES
dc.subject	VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	VULNERABILITY
dc.subject	VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY
dc.subject	VULNERABLE GROUPS
dc.subject	YOUNG ADULTS
dc.title	China - From Poor Areas to Poor People : China’s Evolving Poverty Reduction Agenda - An Assessment of Poverty and Inequality in China
dc.type	Economic & Sector Work :: Poverty Assessment
dc.coverage	East Asia and Pacific
dc.coverage	East Asia
dc.coverage	Asia
dc.coverage	China