Lesotho - HIV Prevention Response and Modes of Transmission Analysis

World Bank

dc.creator	World Bank
dc.date	2012-03-19T17:23:09Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T17:23:09Z
dc.date	2009-03-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:46:02Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:46:02Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333038_20090525032303
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3045
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/243385
dc.description	The purpose of this modes of transmission (MoT) study is 'to contribute to the ongoing efforts to understand the epidemic and response in Lesotho and thus help the country improve the scope (doing the right kind of activities), relevance (with the right populations), and comprehensiveness (reaching all members of target populations) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention efforts'. The process for the Know Your Epidemic (KYE) was an in-depth review of available epidemiological data from Lesotho and the sub-region, and application of the UNAIDS incidence estimation model. The aim was to determine the epidemiology of new (incident) infections. For the Know Your Response (KYR) part, data were collected on the policy context for prevention and on implemented prevention activities and programs. Prevention-specific data from the National AIDS Spending Assessment (NASA) of 2008 and previous two years were reviewed. In a final step, the KYE and KYR evidence was linked to produce an epidemic, response and policy synthesis with recommendations to improve HIV prevention in Lesotho through aligning prevention activities with the evidence on the sources of new infections. The study examined the hypothesis that multiple longer-term partnerships between single young people as well as between married or cohabiting adults are the major driver of HIV transmission, happening in a context of relaxed social norms regarding multiple partners and low risk perception. The findings confirmed this hypothesis -- sexual concurrency is exceptionally high in Lesotho; multiple sexual relationships before and during marriage, together with low levels of full male circumcision are major risk factors in Lesotho's hyper endemic HIV situation.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	World Bank
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ACCESS TO TREATMENT
dc.subject	ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME
dc.subject	ADOLESCENT HEALTH
dc.subject	ADULT MORTALITY
dc.subject	ADULT POPULATION
dc.subject	AGE GROUPS
dc.subject	AGED
dc.subject	AIDS DEATHS
dc.subject	AIDS RELIEF
dc.subject	AIDS SPENDING
dc.subject	ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
dc.subject	ANTENATAL CARE
dc.subject	BABIES
dc.subject	BASIC NEEDS
dc.subject	BEHAVIOUR CHANGE
dc.subject	BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS
dc.subject	BIOLOGICAL MEASURES
dc.subject	BLOOD PRODUCTS
dc.subject	BLOOD SAFETY
dc.subject	BLOOD TRANSFUSION
dc.subject	BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS
dc.subject	BOTH SEXES
dc.subject	CAPACITY BUILDING
dc.subject	CHILD-BEARING
dc.subject	CIRCUMCISION
dc.subject	CIVIL RIGHTS
dc.subject	CLINICS
dc.subject	COMMERCIAL SEX
dc.subject	CONDOM
dc.subject	CONDOM DISTRIBUTION
dc.subject	CONDOM PROMOTION
dc.subject	CONDOM USE
dc.subject	CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE
dc.subject	CONTRACEPTIVE USE
dc.subject	COUNSELLING
dc.subject	CULTURAL PRACTICES
dc.subject	CYCLE OF POVERTY
dc.subject	DEPENDENCY RATIOS
dc.subject	DIAGNOSIS
dc.subject	DISCRIMINATION
dc.subject	DISSEMINATION
dc.subject	DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
dc.subject	EARLY CHILDHOOD
dc.subject	EARLY CHILDHOOD MORTALITY
dc.subject	EMERGENCY PLAN
dc.subject	ENFORCEMENT OF LAWS
dc.subject	EPIDEMIC
dc.subject	EPIDEMICS
dc.subject	EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA
dc.subject	EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION
dc.subject	EPIDEMIOLOGY
dc.subject	ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
dc.subject	ETHNIC GROUP
dc.subject	ETHNIC GROUPS
dc.subject	EXTERNAL MIGRATION
dc.subject	FAMILY LIFE EDUCATION
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING
dc.subject	FEMALE CONDOMS
dc.subject	FEMALES
dc.subject	FERTILITY
dc.subject	FERTILITY RATES
dc.subject	FEWER PEOPLE
dc.subject	FIRST INTERCOURSE
dc.subject	FIRST MARRIAGE
dc.subject	FOOD SECURITY
dc.subject	FORCED SEX
dc.subject	GENDER ROLES
dc.subject	GLOBAL AIDS EPIDEMIC
dc.subject	GLOBAL HIV/AIDS
dc.subject	GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT
dc.subject	HEALTH CENTRES
dc.subject	HEALTH SECTOR
dc.subject	HEALTH SERVICES
dc.subject	HEALTHY LIFE
dc.subject	HEPATITIS
dc.subject	HIV
dc.subject	HIV INFECTION
dc.subject	HIV INFECTIONS
dc.subject	HIV POSITIVE
dc.subject	HIV PREVENTION
dc.subject	HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS
dc.subject	HIV TESTING
dc.subject	HIV TRANSMISSION
dc.subject	HIV/AIDS
dc.subject	HOSPITAL
dc.subject	HOSPITALS
dc.subject	HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
dc.subject	HUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subject	ILLNESS
dc.subject	IMMUNODEFICIENCY
dc.subject	INCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subject	INFANT
dc.subject	INFANT FEEDING
dc.subject	INFECTIONS AMONG ADULTS
dc.subject	INFORMATION ON PREVENTION
dc.subject	LACK OF KNOWLEDGE
dc.subject	LEGAL SUPPORT
dc.subject	LIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subject	LIVE BIRTHS
dc.subject	MALARIA
dc.subject	MALE INVOLVEMENT
dc.subject	MARITAL RAPE
dc.subject	MARITAL STATUS
dc.subject	MARRIED COUPLES
dc.subject	MARRIED MEN
dc.subject	MARRIED WOMEN
dc.subject	MASS MEDIA
dc.subject	MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
dc.subject	MIGRANT
dc.subject	MIGRATION
dc.subject	MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
dc.subject	MINISTRY OF HEALTH
dc.subject	MINORITY
dc.subject	MORTALITY
dc.subject	MORTALITY RATE
dc.subject	MOTHER
dc.subject	MOTHER-TO-CHILD
dc.subject	MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION
dc.subject	MULTIPLE PARTNERS
dc.subject	NATIONAL AIDS
dc.subject	NATIONAL AIDS COMMISSION
dc.subject	NATIONAL CONSTITUTION
dc.subject	NATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subject	NATIONAL POLICIES
dc.subject	NEONATAL MORTALITY
dc.subject	NEW INFECTIONS
dc.subject	NEWBORN
dc.subject	NEWBORN INFANTS
dc.subject	NUMBER OF NEW INFECTIONS
dc.subject	NUMBER OF PEOPLE
dc.subject	ORGAN TRANSPLANTS
dc.subject	ORPHANS
dc.subject	PARENTHOOD ASSOCIATION
dc.subject	PARTNER REDUCTION
dc.subject	PATHOGENS
dc.subject	PATIENTS
dc.subject	PLAN OF ACTION
dc.subject	POLICY FRAMEWORK
dc.subject	POLICY LEVEL
dc.subject	POORER WOMEN
dc.subject	POPULATION GROWTH
dc.subject	POPULATION GROWTH RATE
dc.subject	POST EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS
dc.subject	POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS
dc.subject	POST-TEST COUNSELLING
dc.subject	PREGNANT WOMEN
dc.subject	PREVENTION ACTIVITIES
dc.subject	PREVENTION COUNSELLING
dc.subject	PREVENTION EFFORTS
dc.subject	PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS
dc.subject	PREVENTION STRATEGIES
dc.subject	PROGRESS
dc.subject	PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT
dc.subject	QUALITATIVE INFORMATION
dc.subject	QUALITY SERVICES
dc.subject	RECREATION
dc.subject	REFERRAL SYSTEM
dc.subject	REMITTANCES
dc.subject	REPRODUCTIVE CHOICES
dc.subject	REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
dc.subject	RESOURCE ALLOCATION
dc.subject	RESOURCE MOBILIZATION
dc.subject	RISK FACTORS
dc.subject	RISK OF EXPOSURE
dc.subject	RISK OF INFECTION
dc.subject	RISK OF TRANSMISSION
dc.subject	RURAL AREAS
dc.subject	RURAL RESIDENCE
dc.subject	SAFER SEX
dc.subject	SCHOOL YOUTH
dc.subject	SEA LEVEL
dc.subject	SELF-ESTEEM
dc.subject	SERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subject	SERVICE PROVIDERS
dc.subject	SEX
dc.subject	SEX EDUCATION
dc.subject	SEX WITH MEN
dc.subject	SEX WORK
dc.subject	SEX WORKER
dc.subject	SEX WORKERS
dc.subject	SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR
dc.subject	SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS
dc.subject	SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
dc.subject	SEXUAL PARTNER
dc.subject	SEXUAL PARTNERS
dc.subject	SEXUAL PRACTICES
dc.subject	SEXUAL RELATIONSHIPS
dc.subject	SEXUAL RISK
dc.subject	SEXUAL VIOLENCE
dc.subject	SEXUALLY ACTIVE
dc.subject	SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION
dc.subject	SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
dc.subject	SKILLS EDUCATION
dc.subject	SOCIAL CHANGE
dc.subject	SOCIAL MARKETING
dc.subject	SOCIAL MOBILIZATION
dc.subject	SOCIAL NORMS
dc.subject	SOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subject	SOIL EROSION
dc.subject	SPOUSE
dc.subject	STIS
dc.subject	SYPHILIS
dc.subject	SYRINGES
dc.subject	THERAPY
dc.subject	TRADITIONAL HEALERS
dc.subject	TRANSMISSION RATES
dc.subject	TREATMENT
dc.subject	TREATMENT SERVICES
dc.subject	TUBERCULOSIS
dc.subject	UNAIDS
dc.subject	UNFPA
dc.subject	UNINTENDED PREGNANCIES
dc.subject	UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND
dc.subject	UNIVERSAL ACCESS
dc.subject	UNPROTECTED SEX
dc.subject	URBAN AREAS
dc.subject	URBANIZATION
dc.subject	VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING
dc.subject	VULNERABILITY
dc.subject	VULNERABLE GROUPS
dc.subject	VULNERABLE POPULATIONS
dc.subject	WOMEN WITH EDUCATION
dc.subject	WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
dc.subject	YOUNG PEOPLE
dc.subject	YOUNG WOMEN
dc.title	Lesotho - HIV Prevention Response and Modes of Transmission Analysis
dc.type	Economic & Sector Work :: Other Health Study
dc.coverage	Africa
dc.coverage	Southern Africa