Fiscal Implications of Climate Change

Jones, Benjamin; Keen, Michael; Strand, Jon

dc.creator	Jones, Benjamin
dc.creator	Keen, Michael
dc.creator	Strand, Jon
dc.date	2012-03-19T17:28:57Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T17:28:57Z
dc.date	2012-01-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:49:43Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:49:43Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20120119135947
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3241
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/243632
dc.description	This paper provides a primer on the fiscal implications of climate change, in particular the policies for responding to it. Many of the complicated challenges that arise in limiting climate change (through greenhouse gas emissions mitigation), and in dealing with the effects that remain (through adaptation to climate change impacts), are of a fiscal nature. While mitigation has the potential to raise substantial public revenue (through charges on greenhouse gas emissions), adaptation largely leads to fiscal outlays. Policies may unduly favor public spending (on technological solutions to limit emissions, and on adaptation), over policies that lead to more public revenue being raised (emissions charges). The pervasive uncertainties that surround climate change make the design of proper policy responses even more complex. This applies especially to policies for mitigation of emissions, since agreement on and international enforcement of cooperative abatement policies are exceedingly difficult to achieve, and there is as yet no common view on how to compare nearer-term costs of mitigation to longer-term benefits.
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5956
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ABATEMENT COSTS
dc.subject	ABATEMENT POLICIES
dc.subject	ABSORPTION
dc.subject	ADAPTATION FUND
dc.subject	ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subject	ADVERSE IMPACT
dc.subject	AGGREGATE DEMAND
dc.subject	AGGREGATE EMISSIONS
dc.subject	AIR
dc.subject	ALLOCATION
dc.subject	ALLOWANCES
dc.subject	ALUMINUM
dc.subject	ANNUAL EMISSION
dc.subject	APPROACH
dc.subject	ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS
dc.subject	BALANCE
dc.subject	BARREL OF OIL
dc.subject	BASELINE EMISSIONS
dc.subject	BURNING FOSSIL FUELS
dc.subject	CAPITAL GAINS
dc.subject	CAPS
dc.subject	CARBON
dc.subject	CARBON CAPTURE
dc.subject	CARBON CREDITS
dc.subject	CARBON EMISSIONS
dc.subject	CARBON MARKET
dc.subject	CARBON MARKETS
dc.subject	CARBON PRICE
dc.subject	CARBON PRICES
dc.subject	CARBON PRICING
dc.subject	CARBON SEQUESTRATION
dc.subject	CARBON TAX
dc.subject	CARBON TAX REGIMES
dc.subject	CARBON TAXES
dc.subject	CATASTROPHIC EVENTS
dc.subject	CHEMICALS
dc.subject	CLEAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM
dc.subject	CLIMATE
dc.subject	CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subject	CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
dc.subject	CLIMATE CHANGES
dc.subject	CLIMATE DAMAGE
dc.subject	CLIMATE DAMAGES
dc.subject	CLIMATE EFFECTS
dc.subject	CLIMATE OBJECTIVES
dc.subject	CLIMATE POLICY
dc.subject	CLIMATES
dc.subject	CO
dc.subject	CO2
dc.subject	COAL
dc.subject	COAL RESERVES
dc.subject	COASTAL AREAS
dc.subject	COASTAL ZONES
dc.subject	CONSUMER PRICE
dc.subject	CONVENTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subject	CONVERGENCE
dc.subject	COST OF ABATEMENT
dc.subject	CUTTING EMISSIONS
dc.subject	DAMAGES
dc.subject	DEFORESTATION
dc.subject	DIESEL
dc.subject	DIFFUSION
dc.subject	DISCOUNT RATE
dc.subject	DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS
dc.subject	DOMESTIC HEATING
dc.subject	DROUGHT
dc.subject	DROUGHT INSURANCE
dc.subject	ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC IMPACT
dc.subject	ECONOMIC IMPACTS
dc.subject	ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subject	ELASTICITY OF DEMAND
dc.subject	ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
dc.subject	ELECTRICITY
dc.subject	ELECTRICITY GENERATION
dc.subject	ELECTRICITY PRODUCERS
dc.subject	EMISSION
dc.subject	EMISSION REDUCTION
dc.subject	EMISSION RIGHTS
dc.subject	EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION
dc.subject	EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORTATION
dc.subject	EMISSIONS INTENSITY
dc.subject	EMISSIONS LIMITS
dc.subject	EMISSIONS PRICES
dc.subject	EMISSIONS QUOTA
dc.subject	EMISSIONS REDUCTION
dc.subject	EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS
dc.subject	EMISSIONS RIGHTS
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	ENERGY CONSUMPTION
dc.subject	ENERGY EFFICIENCY
dc.subject	ENERGY INTENSIVE
dc.subject	ENERGY MARKETS
dc.subject	ENERGY POLICY
dc.subject	ENERGY PRICE
dc.subject	ENERGY PRICES
dc.subject	ENERGY SECURITY
dc.subject	ENERGY SUBSIDIES
dc.subject	ENERGY TAXES
dc.subject	ENERGY USE
dc.subject	ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE
dc.subject	ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
dc.subject	ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
dc.subject	EXTREME EVENTS
dc.subject	EXTREME WEATHER
dc.subject	EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS
dc.subject	FAT TAILS
dc.subject	FEASIBILITY
dc.subject	FINANCIAL FLOWS
dc.subject	FINANCIAL INFLOWS
dc.subject	FISCAL POLICIES
dc.subject	FOREST
dc.subject	FOREST CARBON
dc.subject	FORESTRY
dc.subject	FOSSIL
dc.subject	FOSSIL ENERGY
dc.subject	FOSSIL FUEL
dc.subject	FOSSIL FUEL DEMAND
dc.subject	FOSSIL FUEL PRICES
dc.subject	FOSSIL FUEL PRODUCERS
dc.subject	FOSSIL FUEL USE
dc.subject	FOSSIL FUELS
dc.subject	FREE ALLOCATION
dc.subject	FUEL DEMAND
dc.subject	FUEL EXTRACTION
dc.subject	FUEL PRICE
dc.subject	FUEL PRICES
dc.subject	FUEL PRICING
dc.subject	FUEL SUPPLY
dc.subject	FUEL TYPE
dc.subject	FUTURE CONSUMPTION
dc.subject	GAS RESERVES
dc.subject	GASOLINE
dc.subject	GASOLINE PRICES
dc.subject	GASOLINE TAX
dc.subject	GASOLINE TAX RATE
dc.subject	GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
dc.subject	GHG
dc.subject	GHGS
dc.subject	GLOBAL CARBON EMISSIONS
dc.subject	GLOBAL EMISSIONS
dc.subject	GLOBAL WARMING
dc.subject	GREEN TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subject	GREENHOUSE
dc.subject	GREENHOUSE GAS
dc.subject	GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
dc.subject	GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS MITIGATION
dc.subject	GREENHOUSE GASES
dc.subject	HARMFUL EMISSIONS
dc.subject	HIGHER ENERGY PRICES
dc.subject	HURRICANE
dc.subject	IMPORTS
dc.subject	INCOME
dc.subject	INCOME TAX CREDIT
dc.subject	INSURANCE
dc.subject	INSURANCE SCHEMES
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
dc.subject	INVESTMENT DECISIONS
dc.subject	IPCC
dc.subject	IRON
dc.subject	KEROSENE
dc.subject	LEVEL OF EMISSIONS
dc.subject	LOWER DISCOUNT RATE
dc.subject	LUMP SUM
dc.subject	LUMP SUM TRANSFERS
dc.subject	MARGINAL ABATEMENT
dc.subject	MARGINAL COST
dc.subject	MARGINAL UTILITY
dc.subject	MARKET FAILURE
dc.subject	MARKET FAILURES
dc.subject	MARKET INTEREST RATE
dc.subject	METALS
dc.subject	MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subject	MONETARY FUND
dc.subject	MORAL HAZARD
dc.subject	NITROUS OXIDES
dc.subject	NUCLEAR POWER
dc.subject	OCEANS
dc.subject	OIL
dc.subject	OIL PRODUCERS
dc.subject	OIL PRODUCTION
dc.subject	OXIDES
dc.subject	PARTICULATES
dc.subject	PER CAPITA EMISSION
dc.subject	PERFORMANCE STANDARD
dc.subject	PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
dc.subject	PERMIT PRICE
dc.subject	PETROLEUM
dc.subject	PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
dc.subject	PHYSICS
dc.subject	PLANT GROWTH
dc.subject	POLLUTANTS
dc.subject	PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE
dc.subject	PRECIPITATION
dc.subject	PRESENT VALUE
dc.subject	PRICE OF ENERGY-INTENSIVE GOODS
dc.subject	PRICE VOLATILITY
dc.subject	PRICES OF ENERGY
dc.subject	PRODUCERS OF ENERGY
dc.subject	PUBLIC ECONOMICS
dc.subject	PUBLIC SPENDING
dc.subject	RADIATION
dc.subject	REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS
dc.subject	REGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INITIATIVE
dc.subject	RENEWABLE ENERGY
dc.subject	REVENUE RECYCLING
dc.subject	SCENARIOS
dc.subject	SEQUESTRATION TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subject	SHIPS
dc.subject	STORMS
dc.subject	SUBSTITUTION
dc.subject	SUPPLY SIDE
dc.subject	TAX CREDITS
dc.subject	TAX INTERACTION
dc.subject	TAX POLICIES
dc.subject	TAX RATES
dc.subject	TAX REVENUE
dc.subject	TAX REVENUES
dc.subject	TEMPERATURE
dc.subject	TIGHTER CAP
dc.subject	TOTAL EMISSIONS
dc.subject	TRADABLE ALLOWANCES
dc.subject	UNCERTAINTIES
dc.subject	UTILITIES
dc.subject	UTILITY BILLS
dc.subject	WASTE
dc.subject	WELFARE LOSSES
dc.subject	WIND
dc.subject	WIND SPEEDS
dc.subject	WINDFALL PROFITS
dc.title	Fiscal Implications of Climate Change
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	The World Region
dc.coverage	The World Region