On the Relevance of Freedom and Entitlement in Development : New Empirical Evidence (1975–2007)

Chauffour, Jean-Pierre

dc.creator	Chauffour, Jean-Pierre
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:02:12Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:02:12Z
dc.date	2011-05-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:56:29Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:56:29Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20110516090121
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3423
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/244387
dc.description	Reviewing the economic performance -- good and bad -- of more than 100 countries over the past 30 years, this paper finds new empirical evidence supporting the idea that economic freedom and civil and political liberties are the root causes of why some countries achieve and sustain better economic outcomes. For instance, a one unit change in the initial level of economic freedom between two countries (on a scale of 1 to 10) is associated with an almost 1 percentage point differential in their average long-run economic growth rates. In the case of civil and political liberties, the long-term effect is also positive and significant with a differential of 0.3 percentage point. In addition to the initial conditions, the expansion of freedom conditions over time (economic, civil, and political) also positively influences long-run economic growth. In contrast, no evidence was found that the initial level of entitlement rights or their change over time had any significant effects on long-term per capita income, except for a negative effect in some specifications of the model. These results tend to support earlier findings that beyond core functions of government responsibility -- including the protection of liberty itself -- the expansion of the state to provide for various entitlements, including so-called economic, social, and cultural rights, may not make people richer in the long run and may even make them poorer.
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5660
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ABUSE
dc.subject	ADULT LITERACY
dc.subject	AGGREGATE OUTPUT
dc.subject	ANNUAL GROWTH
dc.subject	ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
dc.subject	AUTONOMY
dc.subject	AVERAGE GROWTH
dc.subject	AVERAGE GROWTH RATE
dc.subject	BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subject	CAPABILITIES
dc.subject	CAPITAL MARKETS
dc.subject	CAPITALISM
dc.subject	CHILD LABOR
dc.subject	CITIZEN
dc.subject	CITIZENS
dc.subject	CIVIL LIBERTIES
dc.subject	CIVIL RIGHTS
dc.subject	COERCION
dc.subject	COUNTRY REGRESSIONS
dc.subject	CULTURAL CHANGE
dc.subject	CULTURAL RIGHTS
dc.subject	DATA AVAILABILITY
dc.subject	DEMOCRACIES
dc.subject	DEMOCRACY
dc.subject	DEMOCRATIZATION
dc.subject	DETERMINANTS OF GROWTH
dc.subject	DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT GOALS
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT POLICIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subject	DISCRIMINATION
dc.subject	DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subject	ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	ECONOMIC FREEDOM
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subject	ECONOMIC PROGRESS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC PROSPERITY
dc.subject	ECONOMIC REFORMS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC RIGHTS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC STAGNATION
dc.subject	ECONOMICS
dc.subject	ECONOMICS LETTERS
dc.subject	ELECTIONS
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL LITERATURE
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL STUDIES
dc.subject	ESTIMATED COEFFICIENT
dc.subject	ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES
dc.subject	EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subject	EXPLANATORY VARIABLES
dc.subject	FEMALE EDUCATION
dc.subject	FIXED EFFECTS
dc.subject	FIXED EFFECTS ESTIMATION
dc.subject	FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subject	FREE WILL
dc.subject	FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION
dc.subject	FREEDOMS
dc.subject	FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
dc.subject	FUTURE GROWTH
dc.subject	GENDER EQUALITY
dc.subject	GLOBAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	GROWTH LITERATURE
dc.subject	GROWTH MODEL
dc.subject	GROWTH PERFORMANCE
dc.subject	GROWTH RATES
dc.subject	GROWTH REGRESSION
dc.subject	GROWTH REGRESSIONS
dc.subject	HUMAN BEINGS
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subject	HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	HUMAN DIGNITY
dc.subject	HUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subject	HUMAN RIGHTS LAW
dc.subject	IMPORTANT POLICY
dc.subject	INCOME GROWTH
dc.subject	INCREASES GROWTH
dc.subject	INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
dc.subject	INDIVIDUAL CHOICES
dc.subject	INDIVIDUAL DECISIONS
dc.subject	INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM
dc.subject	INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS
dc.subject	INDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subject	INEQUALITY
dc.subject	INFANT
dc.subject	INFANT MORTALITY
dc.subject	INFLATION RATE
dc.subject	INTEREST GROUPS
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL COVENANT
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	LIBERTY
dc.subject	LIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subject	LIVING STANDARDS
dc.subject	LONG RUN
dc.subject	LONG-RUN GROWTH
dc.subject	LONG-TERM GROWTH
dc.subject	LONGER LIFE
dc.subject	LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subject	MARGINAL TAX
dc.subject	MARGINAL TAX RATE
dc.subject	MARGINAL TAX RATES
dc.subject	MARKET ECONOMY
dc.subject	MODEL SPECIFICATIONS
dc.subject	MONETARY ECONOMICS
dc.subject	NATURAL RESOURCE
dc.subject	NATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subject	NEGATIVE EFFECT
dc.subject	NEGATIVE IMPACT
dc.subject	NEGATIVE SIGN
dc.subject	PARTICIPATORY PROCESS
dc.subject	PER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subject	PER CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subject	PLURALISM
dc.subject	POLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subject	POLICY MEASURES
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subject	POLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	POLITICAL FREEDOM
dc.subject	POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subject	POLITICAL LIBERTIES
dc.subject	POLITICAL PARTIES
dc.subject	POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
dc.subject	POLITICAL PROCESS
dc.subject	POLITICAL RIGHTS
dc.subject	POLITICAL SCIENCES
dc.subject	POLITICAL SYSTEMS
dc.subject	POOR COUNTRIES
dc.subject	POVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subject	PRESSURE GROUPS
dc.subject	PRICE STABILITY
dc.subject	PRIMARY PRODUCTS
dc.subject	PRIVILEGES
dc.subject	PROGRESS
dc.subject	PROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subject	PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	PUBLIC EXPENDITURE
dc.subject	PUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subject	PUBLIC OFFICIALS
dc.subject	PUBLIC POLICIES
dc.subject	PUBLIC SPENDING
dc.subject	RAPID GROWTH
dc.subject	RATE OF GROWTH
dc.subject	RATES OF GROWTH
dc.subject	REDUCING INEQUALITY
dc.subject	RELATIVE PRICES
dc.subject	RESPECT
dc.subject	REVOLUTIONS
dc.subject	RICH COUNTRIES
dc.subject	RICHER COUNTRIES
dc.subject	RIGHT
dc.subject	RIGHT TO VOTE
dc.subject	RULE OF LAW
dc.subject	SIGNIFICANT IMPACT
dc.subject	SOCIAL JUSTICE
dc.subject	SOCIAL MOBILITY
dc.subject	SOCIAL SCIENCES
dc.subject	SOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subject	SOCIAL SPENDING
dc.subject	STANDARD DEVIATION
dc.subject	STATE INTERVENTION
dc.subject	STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
dc.subject	SUFFRAGE
dc.subject	SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS
dc.subject	TOLERANCE
dc.subject	WELFARE STATE
dc.title	On the Relevance of Freedom and Entitlement in Development : New Empirical Evidence (1975–2007)
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	The World Region
dc.coverage	The World Region