From Flying Geese to Leading Dragons : New Opportunities and Strategies for Structural Transformation in Developing Countries

Lin, Justin Yifu

dc.creator	Lin, Justin Yifu
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:02:58Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:02:58Z
dc.date	2011-06-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:57:20Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:57:20Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20110622143522
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3466
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/244430
dc.description	Economic development is a process of continuous industrial and technological upgrading in which any country, regardless of its level of development, can succeed if it develops industries that are consistent with its comparative advantage, determined by its endowment structure. The secret winning formula for developing countries is to exploit the latecomer advantage by building up industries that are growing dynamically in more advanced fast growing countries that have endowment structures similar to theirs. By following carefully selected lead countries, latecomers can emulate the leader-follower, flying-geese pattern that has served well successfully catching-up economies since the 18th century. The emergence of large middle-income countries such as China, India, and Brazil as new growth poles in the world, and their dynamic growth and climbing of the industrial ladder, offer an unprecedented opportunity to all developing economies with income levels currently below theirs --including those in Sub-Saharan Africa. Having itself been a "follower goose," China is on the verge of graduating from low-skilled manufacturing jobs and becoming a "leading dragon." That will free up nearly 100 million labor-intensive manufacturing jobs, enough to more than quadruple manufacturing employment in low-income countries. A similar trend is emerging in other middle-income growth poles. The lower-income countries that can formulate and implement a viable strategy to capture this new industrialization opportunity will set forth on a dynamic path of structural change that can lead to poverty reduction and prosperity.
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5702
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ADVANCED COUNTRIES
dc.subject	ADVANCED COUNTRY
dc.subject	ADVANCED ECONOMIES
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subject	AGRICULTURE
dc.subject	ANNUAL GROWTH
dc.subject	ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
dc.subject	BANKRUPTCY
dc.subject	BILATERAL TRADE
dc.subject	BUSINESS CLIMATE
dc.subject	BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
dc.subject	BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subject	CAPITAL ACCUMULATION
dc.subject	CAPITAL INTENSITY
dc.subject	CAPITAL RATIO
dc.subject	CLOSED ECONOMY
dc.subject	COLONIALISM
dc.subject	COMMODITIES
dc.subject	COMMODITY
dc.subject	COMMODITY EXPORTS
dc.subject	COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subject	COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
dc.subject	COMPETITIVE MARKET
dc.subject	COMPETITIVE MARKETS
dc.subject	COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subject	CONSUMER GOODS
dc.subject	CREATION OF JOBS
dc.subject	CREDIT RATIONING
dc.subject	CURRENCY
dc.subject	CURRENCY APPRECIATION
dc.subject	DATA AVAILABILITY
dc.subject	DATA SETS
dc.subject	DEBT
dc.subject	DEBT CRISIS
dc.subject	DEMOCRACY
dc.subject	DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRY
dc.subject	DEVELOPING ECONOMIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPING REGIONS
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT GOALS
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
dc.subject	DISTRIBUTION OF INCOMES
dc.subject	DIVERSIFICATION
dc.subject	DIVIDENDS
dc.subject	DOMESTIC ECONOMY
dc.subject	ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
dc.subject	ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subject	ECONOMIC COMPETITION
dc.subject	ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC HISTORY
dc.subject	ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
dc.subject	ECONOMIC LITERATURE
dc.subject	ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subject	ECONOMIC POWERS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC PROGRESS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC REFORMS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
dc.subject	ECONOMIC TAKEOFF
dc.subject	ECONOMIC THEORY
dc.subject	ECONOMICS RESEARCH
dc.subject	ECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subject	EMERGING ECONOMIES
dc.subject	EMERGING ECONOMY
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL LITERATURE
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL REGULARITIES
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL STUDIES
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL WORK
dc.subject	EXCHANGE RATES
dc.subject	EXPORT MARKETS
dc.subject	EXPORT SECTORS
dc.subject	EXPORTS
dc.subject	EXTERNALITIES
dc.subject	EXTERNALITY
dc.subject	EXTREME POVERTY
dc.subject	FINANCIAL FLOWS
dc.subject	FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subject	FINANCIAL SYSTEM
dc.subject	FOOD PRICES
dc.subject	FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subject	FOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subject	FOREIGN FIRMS
dc.subject	FOREIGN INVESTMENT
dc.subject	GDP
dc.subject	GDP PER CAPITA
dc.subject	GLOBAL EXPORTS
dc.subject	GLOBAL MARKET
dc.subject	GLOBALIZATION
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS
dc.subject	GROWTH RATE
dc.subject	GROWTH RATES
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subject	INCOME
dc.subject	INCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subject	INCOME GROUP
dc.subject	INCOME GROUPS
dc.subject	INCOME GROWTH
dc.subject	INCOME LEVELS
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL ECONOMIES
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL POLICY
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL SECTOR
dc.subject	INDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subject	INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES
dc.subject	INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	INTANGIBLE
dc.subject	INTEREST RATES
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION
dc.subject	LABOR FORCE
dc.subject	LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	LARGE-SCALE INVESTMENT
dc.subject	LEGAL FRAMEWORK
dc.subject	LIVING STANDARDS
dc.subject	LONG-TERM GROWTH
dc.subject	LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subject	LOW-INCOME COUNTRY
dc.subject	LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES
dc.subject	MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS
dc.subject	MACROECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subject	MACROECONOMIC STABILITY
dc.subject	MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
dc.subject	MARKET FAILURE
dc.subject	MARKET FAILURES
dc.subject	MARKET PARTICIPANTS
dc.subject	MARKET SHARES
dc.subject	MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subject	MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRY
dc.subject	MOBILE PHONES
dc.subject	MONOPOLY
dc.subject	MULTIPLIER EFFECTS
dc.subject	NATIONAL ECONOMIES
dc.subject	NATIONAL INCOME
dc.subject	NATURAL DISASTERS
dc.subject	NATURAL RESOURCE
dc.subject	NATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subject	OPEN ECONOMY
dc.subject	PER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subject	PER CAPITA INCOME LEVELS
dc.subject	PER CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subject	POLICY ANALYSIS
dc.subject	POLICY MAKERS
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH
dc.subject	POOR COUNTRIES
dc.subject	POSITIVE EFFECTS
dc.subject	POVERTY RATES
dc.subject	POVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subject	POWER PARITY
dc.subject	PRIMARY PRODUCTS
dc.subject	PRIVATE INVESTMENT
dc.subject	PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	PRIVATE SECTOR GROWTH
dc.subject	PRIVATIZATION
dc.subject	PRODUCT MARKETS
dc.subject	PRODUCTION COSTS
dc.subject	PRODUCTION STRUCTURE
dc.subject	PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subject	PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subject	PROTECTIONISM
dc.subject	PURCHASING POWER
dc.subject	RAPID GROWTH
dc.subject	RAPID INDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subject	REAL GDP
dc.subject	RELATIVE IMPORTANCE
dc.subject	RELATIVE PRICES
dc.subject	RENT SEEKING
dc.subject	RICH COUNTRIES
dc.subject	RURAL AREAS
dc.subject	SECTORAL COMPOSITION
dc.subject	SMALL COUNTRIES
dc.subject	SMALL ECONOMIES
dc.subject	STANDARD DEVIATION
dc.subject	STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
dc.subject	STRUCTURAL CHANGE
dc.subject	SURPLUS LABOR
dc.subject	SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
dc.subject	TAX
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS
dc.subject	TELECOMMUNICATIONS
dc.subject	THIRD WORLD
dc.subject	TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subject	TOTAL OUTPUT
dc.subject	TRANSACTION COSTS
dc.subject	TRANSPARENCY
dc.subject	TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE
dc.subject	UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	UNSKILLED LABOR
dc.subject	URBAN AREAS
dc.subject	URBANIZATION
dc.subject	VALUE ADDED
dc.subject	VOLATILITY
dc.subject	WAGE RATES
dc.subject	WAGES
dc.subject	WEALTH
dc.subject	WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
dc.subject	WORLD ECONOMIES
dc.subject	WORLD ECONOMY
dc.subject	WORLD INVESTMENT REPORT
dc.subject	WORLD MARKETS
dc.title	From Flying Geese to Leading Dragons : New Opportunities and Strategies for Structural Transformation in Developing Countries
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	The World Region
dc.coverage	The World Region