Family Planning and Fertility : Estimating Program Effects Using Cross-Sectional Data

Portner, Claus C.; Beegle, Kathleen; Christiaensen, Luc

dc.creator	Portner, Claus C.
dc.creator	Beegle, Kathleen
dc.creator	Christiaensen, Luc
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:04:51Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:04:51Z
dc.date	2011-09-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T20:59:38Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T20:59:38Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20110927132145
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3575
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/244539
dc.description	Although reproductive health advocates consider family planning programs the intervention of choice to reduce fertility, there remains a great deal of skepticism among economists as to their effectiveness, despite little rigorous evidence to support either position. This study explores the effects of family planning in Ethiopia using a novel set of instruments to control for potential non-random program placement. The instruments are based on ordinal rankings of area characteristics, motivated by competition between areas for resources. Access to family planning is found to reduce completed fertility by more than one child among women without education. No effect is found among women with some formal schooling, suggesting that family planning and formal education act as substitutes, at least in this low-income, low-growth setting. This provides support to the notion that increasing access to family planning can provide an important, complementary entry point to kick-start the process of fertility reduction.
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5812
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ABSTINENCE
dc.subject	ACCESS TO FAMILY PLANNING
dc.subject	ACCESS TO FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES
dc.subject	ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES
dc.subject	AGED
dc.subject	AVAILABILITY OF FAMILY PLANNING
dc.subject	AVERAGE AGE
dc.subject	BIRTH SPACING
dc.subject	BIRTH WEIGHT
dc.subject	BREASTFEEDING
dc.subject	CHILD BEARING
dc.subject	CHILD HEALTH
dc.subject	CHILD MORTALITY
dc.subject	CHILDREN PER WOMAN
dc.subject	CLINICS
dc.subject	CONCEPTION
dc.subject	CONDOMS
dc.subject	CONTRACEPTIVE
dc.subject	CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
dc.subject	CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE
dc.subject	CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE RATE
dc.subject	CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE RATES
dc.subject	CONTRACEPTIVE USE
dc.subject	CULTURAL CHANGE
dc.subject	CURRENT TOTAL FERTILITY
dc.subject	DECENTRALIZATION
dc.subject	DECLINE IN FERTILITY
dc.subject	DETERMINANTS OF FERTILITY
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	ECONOMICS
dc.subject	EDUCATED WOMEN
dc.subject	ETHNIC GROUP
dc.subject	FAMILY ECONOMICS
dc.subject	FAMILY FORMATION
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING CLINIC
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING FACILITIES
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING METHODS
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAM
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING SERVICE
dc.subject	FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES
dc.subject	FEMALE STERILIZATION
dc.subject	FERTILITY
dc.subject	FERTILITY DECLINE
dc.subject	FERTILITY PATTERNS
dc.subject	FERTILITY RATE
dc.subject	FERTILITY RATES
dc.subject	FEWER BIRTHS
dc.subject	FOOD INSECURITY
dc.subject	FORMAL EDUCATION
dc.subject	GIRLS
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
dc.subject	HEALTH CARE
dc.subject	HEALTH FACILITIES
dc.subject	HEALTH FACILITY
dc.subject	HEALTH SERVICES
dc.subject	HEALTH SYSTEM
dc.subject	HIGH FERTILITY RATE
dc.subject	HIGH POPULATION GROWTH
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD POVERTY
dc.subject	HOUSING
dc.subject	IMPACT OF FAMILY PLANNING
dc.subject	IMPACT OF POPULATION
dc.subject	IMPACT ON FERTILITY
dc.subject	IMPORTANT POLICY
dc.subject	INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVES
dc.subject	INTERVENTION
dc.subject	IUD
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LABOUR FORCE
dc.subject	LACK OF INFORMATION
dc.subject	LEVELS OF EDUCATION
dc.subject	LIFETIME FERTILITY
dc.subject	LIMITED RESOURCES
dc.subject	LIVE BIRTHS
dc.subject	LIVING STANDARDS
dc.subject	LOW INCOME
dc.subject	LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subject	LOW-INCOME SETTINGS
dc.subject	MALARIA
dc.subject	MARRIED WOMEN
dc.subject	METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION
dc.subject	MIGRATION
dc.subject	MODERN CONTRACEPTIVES
dc.subject	MORTALITY LEVELS
dc.subject	MORTALITY RATE
dc.subject	NATIONAL POPULATION
dc.subject	NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY
dc.subject	NUMBER OF BIRTHS
dc.subject	NUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subject	NUMBER OF WOMEN
dc.subject	OLD AGE
dc.subject	OLDER WOMEN
dc.subject	ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
dc.subject	PATHFINDER INTERNATIONAL
dc.subject	PILLS
dc.subject	POLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subject	POLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subject	POLICY MAKERS
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subject	POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	POPULATION GROWTH
dc.subject	POPULATION GROWTH RATE
dc.subject	POPULATION GROWTH RATES
dc.subject	POPULATION POLICIES
dc.subject	POPULATION POLICY
dc.subject	POPULATION SIZE
dc.subject	PREGNANCIES
dc.subject	PREGNANCY
dc.subject	PROGRESS
dc.subject	REPRODUCTIVE AGE
dc.subject	REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
dc.subject	REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROGRAMS
dc.subject	REPRODUCTIVE LIFE
dc.subject	REPRODUCTIVE YEARS
dc.subject	RESOURCE ALLOCATION
dc.subject	RESPECT
dc.subject	ROLE OF GENDER
dc.subject	RURAL AREAS
dc.subject	RURAL COMMUNITIES
dc.subject	SCHOOLS
dc.subject	SOCIAL SECTOR
dc.subject	TOTAL FERTILITY RATE
dc.subject	TOTAL FERTILITY RATES
dc.subject	UNWANTED BIRTHS
dc.subject	UNWANTED FERTILITY
dc.subject	URBAN AREAS
dc.subject	URBAN COMMUNITIES
dc.subject	URBANIZATION
dc.subject	WOMAN
dc.subject	WORLD POPULATION
dc.subject	YOUNG WOMEN
dc.subject	YOUNGER WOMEN
dc.title	Family Planning and Fertility : Estimating Program Effects Using Cross-Sectional Data
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	The World Region
dc.coverage	The World Region