ECOWAS's Infrastructure : A Regional Perspective

Ranganathan, Rupa; Foster, Vivien

dc.creator	Ranganathan, Rupa
dc.creator	Foster, Vivien
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:06:29Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:06:29Z
dc.date	2011-12-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T21:01:19Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T21:01:19Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20111205145616
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3666
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/244630
dc.description	Infrastructure improvements boosted growth in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) by one percentage point per capita per year during 1995-2005, primarily thanks to growth in information and communication technology. Deficient power infrastructure held growth back by 0.1 percent. Raising the region's infrastructure to the level of Mauritius could boost growth by 5 percentage points. Overall, infrastructure in the 15 ECOWAS countries ranks consistently behind southern Africa across many indicators. However, there is parity in access to household services -- water, sanitation, and power. ECOWAS has a well-developed regional road network, though sea corridors and ports need attention. Surface transport is expensive and slow, owing to cartelization, restrictive regulations, and delays. There is no regional rail network. Air transport has improved despite the lack of a strong hub-and-spoke structure. Safety remains a concern. Electrical power, the most expensive and least reliable in Africa, reaches 50 percent of the population but meets just 30 percent of demand. Regional power trading would bring substantial benefits if Guinea could become a hydropower exporter. Prices for critical ICT services are relatively high. Recent panregional initiatives have improved roaming. New projects are underway to provide access and improved services to unconnected countries. Completing and maintaining ECOWAS's infrastructure will require sustained spending of $1.5 billion annually for a decade, with one-third going to power. Although the necessary spending is only 1 percent of regional GDP, some countries' share is between 5 and 25 percent of national GDP. Clearly, external assistance will be needed.
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5899
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS
dc.subject	AGGREGATES
dc.subject	AIR
dc.subject	AIR MARKET
dc.subject	AIR SAFETY
dc.subject	AIR SERVICES
dc.subject	AIR TRAFFIC
dc.subject	AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
dc.subject	AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY
dc.subject	AIR TRANSPORT
dc.subject	AIR TRANSPORTATION
dc.subject	AIR TRAVEL
dc.subject	AIRCRAFT
dc.subject	AIRLINE
dc.subject	AIRLINES
dc.subject	AIRPORT
dc.subject	AIRPORT CHARGES
dc.subject	AIRPORTS
dc.subject	AIRWAYS
dc.subject	ARTERIES
dc.subject	AVERAGE PASSENGER
dc.subject	AVIATION POLICY
dc.subject	BAUXITE
dc.subject	BORDER CROSSING
dc.subject	BORDER CROSSINGS
dc.subject	BUS
dc.subject	BUS SERVICES
dc.subject	BUSES
dc.subject	CABLE
dc.subject	CABLES
dc.subject	CABOTAGE
dc.subject	CAPITAL COSTS
dc.subject	CARBON EMISSIONS
dc.subject	CARGO HANDLING
dc.subject	CARGO HANDLING CHARGE
dc.subject	CARGO TRAFFIC
dc.subject	CARRIAGE
dc.subject	CARRIERS
dc.subject	CATCHMENT
dc.subject	CIVIL AVIATION
dc.subject	CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITIES
dc.subject	CONCESSION
dc.subject	CONCESSION ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subject	CONCESSIONS
dc.subject	CONGESTION
dc.subject	CONSTRUCTION
dc.subject	CONTAINER HANDLING
dc.subject	CONTAINER TERMINAL
dc.subject	CONTAINER TRAFFIC
dc.subject	CONTAINER VESSELS
dc.subject	CONTAINERS
dc.subject	CONTAINERS PER HOUR
dc.subject	COST OF POWER
dc.subject	COST OF TRANSPORT
dc.subject	COST RECOVERY
dc.subject	COST RECOVERY RATIO
dc.subject	COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS
dc.subject	COSTS OF POWER
dc.subject	CROSSING
dc.subject	CUSTOMS
dc.subject	CUSTOMS CLEARANCE
dc.subject	DEMAND FOR POWER
dc.subject	DISTRIBUTION LOSSES
dc.subject	DOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORT
dc.subject	DOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORT MARKET
dc.subject	DOMESTIC TRAFFIC
dc.subject	DRIVERS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC CRISIS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH FORECASTS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
dc.subject	ECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subject	EDGE
dc.subject	ELECTRICITY GENERATION
dc.subject	ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION
dc.subject	EMISSIONS
dc.subject	ENERGY COSTS
dc.subject	EXCESS SUPPLY
dc.subject	FIXED COSTS
dc.subject	FOREIGN INVESTORS
dc.subject	FRAMEWORK
dc.subject	FREIGHT
dc.subject	FREIGHT MOVEMENTS
dc.subject	FREIGHT TARIFFS
dc.subject	FREIGHT TRAFFIC
dc.subject	GENERATION
dc.subject	GENERATION CAPACITY
dc.subject	GROWTH RATES
dc.subject	HIGH TRANSPORT
dc.subject	HIGHWAY
dc.subject	HIGHWAYS
dc.subject	HUB
dc.subject	HYDRAULIC
dc.subject	IMPLEMENTATION OF ROAD MAINTENANCE
dc.subject	INCOME
dc.subject	INFRASTRUCTURE ASSETS
dc.subject	INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDING
dc.subject	INFRASTRUCTURE SPENDING
dc.subject	INFRASTRUCTURES
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subject	JETS
dc.subject	LAND TRANSPORT
dc.subject	LANDING
dc.subject	LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES
dc.subject	LANDLOCKED COUNTRY
dc.subject	LIFTING
dc.subject	LIQUID CARGO
dc.subject	LOAD FACTORS
dc.subject	LOCOMOTIVE
dc.subject	LOWER PRICES
dc.subject	MARGINAL COSTS
dc.subject	MARKET CONCENTRATION
dc.subject	MARKET CONDITIONS
dc.subject	MODES OF TRANSPORT
dc.subject	NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subject	NATIONAL RAILWAY
dc.subject	NATIONAL TRANSPORT
dc.subject	NAVIGATION
dc.subject	OPEN ACCESS
dc.subject	PASSENGER RAIL
dc.subject	PASSENGER TRANSPORT
dc.subject	PAVING
dc.subject	PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
dc.subject	PICKUPS
dc.subject	PLANES
dc.subject	POLICE
dc.subject	POPULATION DENSITIES
dc.subject	POWER
dc.subject	POWER NETWORK
dc.subject	POWER SECTOR
dc.subject	PRICE OF BROADBAND ACCESS
dc.subject	PROFIT MARGINS
dc.subject	RAIL
dc.subject	RAIL CORRIDOR
dc.subject	RAIL CORRIDORS
dc.subject	RAIL FREIGHT
dc.subject	RAIL LINES
dc.subject	RAIL NETWORKS
dc.subject	RAIL SERVICE
dc.subject	RAIL SERVICES
dc.subject	RAIL SYSTEMS
dc.subject	RAIL TRAFFIC
dc.subject	RAIL TRANSPORTATION
dc.subject	RAILWAY NETWORK
dc.subject	RAILWAY NETWORKS
dc.subject	RAILWAYS
dc.subject	RANGE
dc.subject	RATE OF RETURN
dc.subject	REGIONAL AIR TRANSPORT
dc.subject	REGIONAL AIRPORTS
dc.subject	REGIONAL HUB
dc.subject	REGIONAL HUBS
dc.subject	REGIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subject	REGIONAL NETWORK
dc.subject	REGIONAL RAIL NETWORK
dc.subject	REGIONAL TRAVEL
dc.subject	RELAY
dc.subject	REVENUE COLLECTION
dc.subject	RIVER
dc.subject	ROAD
dc.subject	ROAD CARRIERS
dc.subject	ROAD CORRIDORS
dc.subject	ROAD DENSITY
dc.subject	ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subject	ROAD MAINTENANCE
dc.subject	ROAD NETWORK
dc.subject	ROAD QUALITY
dc.subject	ROAD TRANSPORT
dc.subject	ROADS
dc.subject	ROLLING STOCK
dc.subject	ROUTE
dc.subject	ROUTES
dc.subject	RUNWAY
dc.subject	SAFETY
dc.subject	SAFETY OVERSIGHT
dc.subject	SANITATION
dc.subject	SEAT CAPACITY
dc.subject	SERVICE RELIABILITY
dc.subject	SHARING
dc.subject	SHIPPERS
dc.subject	SHIPPING
dc.subject	SHIPPING LINES
dc.subject	SPEED
dc.subject	SPEEDS
dc.subject	SQUARE
dc.subject	SURFACE TRANSPORT
dc.subject	SURFACE TRANSPORTATION
dc.subject	TAXIS
dc.subject	TERMINAL
dc.subject	TERMINAL FACILITIES
dc.subject	TERMINALS
dc.subject	TOLL
dc.subject	TOLL ROAD
dc.subject	TOLL ROAD CONCESSIONS
dc.subject	TONNAGE
dc.subject	TRADE FACILITATION
dc.subject	TRAFFIC
dc.subject	TRAFFIC DENSITY
dc.subject	TRAFFIC FLOWS
dc.subject	TRAFFIC GROWTH
dc.subject	TRAFFIC LEVELS
dc.subject	TRAFFIC PATTERNS
dc.subject	TRAFFIC VOLUMES
dc.subject	TRAINS
dc.subject	TRANSIT
dc.subject	TRANSIT CORRIDORS
dc.subject	TRANSIT TRADE
dc.subject	TRANSMISSION CAPACITY
dc.subject	TRANSPORT ALTERNATIVES
dc.subject	TRANSPORT CAPACITY
dc.subject	TRANSPORT CORRIDORS
dc.subject	TRANSPORT COSTS
dc.subject	TRANSPORT MARKET
dc.subject	TRANSPORT OF GOODS
dc.subject	TRANSPORT OPERATORS
dc.subject	TRANSPORT SAFETY
dc.subject	TRANSPORT SECTOR
dc.subject	TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
dc.subject	TRANSPORT TARIFFS
dc.subject	TRANSPORTATION
dc.subject	TRANSSHIPMENT
dc.subject	TRAVEL COSTS
dc.subject	TRAVEL TIME
dc.subject	TRIP
dc.subject	TRIPS
dc.subject	TRUCK PROCESSING
dc.subject	TRUCKING
dc.subject	TRUCKS
dc.subject	TURBO-PROP
dc.subject	UPPER
dc.subject	UTILITIES
dc.subject	VEHICLE
dc.subject	VEHICLE MILEAGE
dc.subject	VEHICLES
dc.subject	VELOCITY
dc.subject	VOLUME OF TRAFFIC
dc.subject	WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
dc.title	ECOWAS's Infrastructure : A Regional Perspective
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	West Africa