Poverty Lines across the World

Ravallion, Martin

dc.creator	Ravallion, Martin
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:39:31Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:39:31Z
dc.date	2010-04-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T21:03:14Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T21:03:14Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100427143536
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3771
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/244735
dc.description	National poverty lines vary greatly across the world, from under $1 per person per day to over $40 (at 2005 purchasing power parity). What accounts for these huge differences, and can they be understood within a common global definition of poverty? For all except the poorest countries, the absolute, nutrition-based, poverty lines found in practice tend to behave more like relative lines, in that they are higher for richer countries. Prevailing methods of setting absolute lines allow ample scope for such relativity, even when nutritional norms are common across countries. Both macro data on poverty lines across the world and micro data on subjective perceptions of poverty are consistent with a weak form of relativity that combines absolute consumption needs with social-inclusion needs that are positive for the poorest but rise with a country s mean consumption. The strong form of relativism favored by some developed countries -- whereby the line is set at a fixed proportion of the mean -- emerges as the limiting case for very rich countries.
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5284
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ABSOLUTE POVERTY
dc.subject	ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINES
dc.subject	AGGREGATE INCOME
dc.subject	AGGREGATE POVERTY
dc.subject	AGREED METRIC
dc.subject	ASSESSING WELFARE
dc.subject	BASIC CONSUMPTION
dc.subject	BASIC CONSUMPTION NEEDS
dc.subject	BASIC NEEDS
dc.subject	BASIC NEEDS METHOD
dc.subject	CALORIC REQUIREMENTS
dc.subject	CASE STUDY
dc.subject	COMMODITY BUNDLE
dc.subject	COMMON UTILITY FUNCTION
dc.subject	COMPARABLE UTILITY FUNCTION
dc.subject	COMPARING POVERTY
dc.subject	CONSISTENT POVERTY LINES
dc.subject	CONSUMER DEMAND
dc.subject	CONSUMER PRICE INDEX
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION BUNDLE
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION DATA
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION NEEDS
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
dc.subject	DEFINITIONS OF POVERTY
dc.subject	DEMAND BEHAVIOR
dc.subject	DEMAND FUNCTIONS
dc.subject	DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION
dc.subject	DERIVED UTILITY FUNCTION
dc.subject	DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRY
dc.subject	DEVELOPING WORLD
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT ISSUES
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
dc.subject	ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subject	ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC CONTRACTION
dc.subject	ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC LITERATURE
dc.subject	ECONOMIC MODELS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subject	ECONOMIC REVIEW
dc.subject	ECONOMIC SURVEYS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC THEORY
dc.subject	ECONOMICS
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIP
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL STUDIES
dc.subject	EMPIRICAL WORK
dc.subject	EQUIVALENCE SCALE
dc.subject	EQUIVALENCE SCALES
dc.subject	ESCAPE POVERTY
dc.subject	EXCHANGE RATES
dc.subject	EXPENDITURE FUNCTION
dc.subject	FOOD BUNDLE
dc.subject	FOOD BUNDLES
dc.subject	FOOD DEMAND FUNCTION
dc.subject	FOOD ENERGY
dc.subject	FOOD ENERGY INTAKE
dc.subject	FOOD GOODS
dc.subject	FOOD ITEMS
dc.subject	FOOD NEEDS
dc.subject	FOOD POVERTY
dc.subject	FOOD POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	FOOD PRICES
dc.subject	FOOD SHARE
dc.subject	FOOD SPENDING
dc.subject	FOOD-ENERGY INTAKE
dc.subject	FOOD-ENERGY REQUIREMENTS
dc.subject	GEOGRAPHIC AREAS
dc.subject	GLOBAL MARKETS
dc.subject	GLOBAL POVERTY
dc.subject	HEADCOUNT INDEX
dc.subject	HIGH ELASTICITY
dc.subject	HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
dc.subject	HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT
dc.subject	INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
dc.subject	INCOME
dc.subject	INCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subject	INCOME ELASTICITY
dc.subject	INCOME LEVEL
dc.subject	INCOME POVERTY
dc.subject	INCOMES INCREASE
dc.subject	INEQUALITY
dc.subject	INTER-REGIONAL MIGRATION
dc.subject	LIVING INDEX
dc.subject	LIVING STANDARDS
dc.subject	LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT
dc.subject	MEAN CONDITIONAL
dc.subject	MEAN INCOME
dc.subject	MEASURED INCREASE
dc.subject	MEASURED POVERTY
dc.subject	MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY
dc.subject	MEASURING POVERTY
dc.subject	MEAT
dc.subject	MICRO DATA
dc.subject	MILK
dc.subject	MONITORING POVERTY
dc.subject	NATIONAL POVERTY
dc.subject	NATIONAL POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	NATIONAL POVERTY LINES
dc.subject	NON-FOOD COMPONENT
dc.subject	NON-FOOD GOODS
dc.subject	NON-FOOD ITEMS
dc.subject	NON-FOOD NEEDS
dc.subject	NON-FOOD PRICES
dc.subject	NON-NUTRITIONAL FUNCTIONINGS
dc.subject	NONFOOD COMPONENT
dc.subject	NUTRITION
dc.subject	NUTRITIONAL INTAKE
dc.subject	NUTRITIONAL NORMS
dc.subject	NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
dc.subject	NUTRITIONAL STATUS
dc.subject	OBJECTIVE POVERTY LINES
dc.subject	OFFICIAL POVERTY
dc.subject	OFFICIAL POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
dc.subject	POLICY ANALYSIS
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH
dc.subject	POLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	POOR
dc.subject	POOR COUNTRIES
dc.subject	POOR PEOPLE
dc.subject	POVERTY ACROSS COUNTRIES
dc.subject	POVERTY ANALYSIS
dc.subject	POVERTY ASSESSMENTS
dc.subject	POVERTY BUNDLE
dc.subject	POVERTY BUNDLES
dc.subject	POVERTY COMPARISONS
dc.subject	POVERTY DYNAMICS
dc.subject	POVERTY INCIDENCE
dc.subject	POVERTY LEVEL
dc.subject	POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	POVERTY LINES
dc.subject	POVERTY MEASURE
dc.subject	POVERTY MEASUREMENT
dc.subject	POVERTY MEASURES
dc.subject	POVERTY PROFILE
dc.subject	POVERTY PROFILES
dc.subject	POVERTY RATE
dc.subject	POVERTY RATES
dc.subject	POVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subject	PRICE CHANGES
dc.subject	PRICE VECTOR
dc.subject	PRICES INCREASE
dc.subject	PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
dc.subject	PURCHASING POWER
dc.subject	QUALITATIVE DATA
dc.subject	RANDOM VARIABLE
dc.subject	REAL TERMS
dc.subject	REDUCING POVERTY
dc.subject	REGIONAL POVERTY
dc.subject	RELATIVE INCOME
dc.subject	RELATIVE POSITION
dc.subject	RELATIVE PRICES
dc.subject	RESULTING POVERTY LINES
dc.subject	RICH COUNTRIES
dc.subject	RURAL
dc.subject	RURAL AREAS
dc.subject	RURAL LINE
dc.subject	SETTING POVERTY
dc.subject	SETTING POVERTY LINES
dc.subject	SOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subject	SOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subject	SUBJECTIVE POVERTY
dc.subject	SUBJECTIVE POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	TARGETING
dc.subject	TOTAL POVERTY
dc.subject	TOTAL POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	TRUE COST-OF-LIVING INDICES
dc.subject	UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	URBAN AREAS
dc.subject	URBAN HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	URBAN POVERTY
dc.subject	URBAN POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	URBAN SECTOR
dc.subject	UTILITY CONSISTENCY
dc.subject	UTILITY FUNCTION
dc.subject	UTILITY INCONSISTENCIES
dc.subject	UTILITY LEVEL
dc.subject	UTILITY-CONSISTENT POVERTY
dc.subject	VEGETABLES
dc.subject	WELFARE COMPARISONS
dc.subject	WELFARE FUNCTION
dc.subject	WELFARE INDICATOR
dc.subject	WELFARE LEVELS
dc.subject	WELFARE METRIC
dc.title	Poverty Lines across the World
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	The World Region
dc.coverage	The World Region