Global Value Chains in the Electronics Industry : Was the Crisis a Window of Opportunity for Developing Countries?

Sturgeon, Timothy J.; Kawakami, Momoko

dc.creator	Sturgeon, Timothy J.
dc.creator	Kawakami, Momoko
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:41:50Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T18:41:50Z
dc.date	2010-09-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T21:05:38Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T21:05:38Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100913084841
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3901
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/244865
dc.description	This paper presents evidence of the importance of electronics global value chains (GVCs) in the global economy, and discusses the effects of the recent economic crisis on the industry. The analysis focuses on how information is exchanged and introduces the concept of "value chain modularity." The authors identify three key firm level actors -- lead firms, contract manufacturers, and platform leaders -- and discuss their development, or "co-evolution" in the context of global integration. Company, cluster, and country case studies are then presented to illustrate how supplier capabilities in various places have developed in the context of electronics global value chains. The findings identify some of the persistent limits to upgrading experienced by even the most successful firms in the developing world. Four models used by developing country firms to overcome these limitations are presented: (1) global expansion though acquisition of declining brands (emerging multinationals); (2) separation of branded product divisions from contract manufacturing (original design manufacturing (ODM) spinoffs); (3) successful mixing of contract manufacturing and branded products (platform brands) for contractors with customers not in the electronic hardware business; and (4) the founding of factory-less product firms that rely on global value chains for a range of inputs, including production (emerging factory-less start-ups).
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5417
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ACCESSORIES
dc.subject	ADOPTION OF INFORMATION
dc.subject	ANALOG
dc.subject	APPLIANCES
dc.subject	ATM
dc.subject	AUTOMATION
dc.subject	AUTOMOBILES
dc.subject	AUTOMOTIVE
dc.subject	BACKUP
dc.subject	BACKUP SYSTEMS
dc.subject	BARCODE
dc.subject	BASIC
dc.subject	BEST PRACTICES
dc.subject	BRAND
dc.subject	BRAND NAMES
dc.subject	BRANDS
dc.subject	BUILDING AUTOMATION
dc.subject	BUSINESS MODEL
dc.subject	BUSINESS PROCESSES
dc.subject	BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS
dc.subject	BUSINESSES
dc.subject	BUYER
dc.subject	BUYERS
dc.subject	CACHE
dc.subject	CACHE MEMORY
dc.subject	CAD
dc.subject	CALCULATORS
dc.subject	CAPITAL INVESTMENTS
dc.subject	CELLPHONE
dc.subject	CELLULAR PHONES
dc.subject	CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
dc.subject	CODES
dc.subject	COMMODITIES
dc.subject	COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
dc.subject	COMPACT DISKS
dc.subject	COMPANY
dc.subject	COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subject	COMPETITOR
dc.subject	COMPETITORS
dc.subject	COMPONENTS
dc.subject	COMPUTER MONITORS
dc.subject	COMPUTER PERIPHERALS
dc.subject	COMPUTER SYSTEMS
dc.subject	COMPUTERS
dc.subject	COMPUTING
dc.subject	CONNECTORS
dc.subject	CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
dc.subject	CONSUMER GOODS
dc.subject	CORPORATION
dc.subject	CPU
dc.subject	CPUS
dc.subject	CUSTOMER BASE
dc.subject	CUSTOMER DEMANDS
dc.subject	DATA PROCESSING
dc.subject	DAY-TO-DAY MANAGEMENT
dc.subject	DIGITAL
dc.subject	DIGITAL SIGNAL
dc.subject	DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
dc.subject	DIGITAL SYSTEMS
dc.subject	DIGITAL VIDEO
dc.subject	DIGITIZATION
dc.subject	DISK DRIVES
dc.subject	DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS
dc.subject	DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
dc.subject	DIVERSIFICATION
dc.subject	ELECTRONICS
dc.subject	ELECTRONICS INDUSTRIES
dc.subject	ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
dc.subject	ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	END USERS
dc.subject	END-USER
dc.subject	ENGINEERING
dc.subject	ENTERPRISE COMPUTING
dc.subject	ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING
dc.subject	ENTERTAINMENT
dc.subject	EQUIPMENT
dc.subject	EXPANSION
dc.subject	FINANCIAL RISK
dc.subject	FINISHED PRODUCTS
dc.subject	FIRMS
dc.subject	FLOW OF INFORMATION
dc.subject	FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subject	FUNCTIONALITY
dc.subject	GENERAL PUBLIC
dc.subject	GLOBAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	GLOBAL MARKETS
dc.subject	GLOBALIZATION
dc.subject	GRAPHICS
dc.subject	HARD DISK
dc.subject	HARDWARE
dc.subject	HOME MARKET
dc.subject	HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION
dc.subject	IMAGE
dc.subject	IMAGING
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE
dc.subject	INFORMATION SERVICES
dc.subject	INFORMATION SYSTEMS
dc.subject	INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subject	INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING
dc.subject	INNOVATION
dc.subject	INSPECTION
dc.subject	INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
dc.subject	INTELLECTUAL ASSETS
dc.subject	INTERMEDIATE GOODS
dc.subject	INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subject	INTEROPERABILITY
dc.subject	INVENTORIES
dc.subject	INVENTORY
dc.subject	INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
dc.subject	IT INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subject	KNOW-HOW
dc.subject	LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	LICENSING
dc.subject	LINUX
dc.subject	MANUFACTURER
dc.subject	MANUFACTURERS
dc.subject	MANUFACTURING
dc.subject	MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
dc.subject	MARKET ENTRY
dc.subject	MARKET POWER
dc.subject	MARKET SEGMENTS
dc.subject	MARKET SHARE
dc.subject	MARKET SHARES
dc.subject	MARKETING
dc.subject	MNC
dc.subject	MOBILE COMPUTING
dc.subject	MOBILE PHONE
dc.subject	MOBILE PHONES
dc.subject	MOTHERBOARDS
dc.subject	MOVEMENT OF GOODS
dc.subject	MULTINATIONAL
dc.subject	MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS
dc.subject	MULTINATIONALS
dc.subject	NAVIGATION
dc.subject	NETWORKING
dc.subject	NETWORKS
dc.subject	NEW MARKETS
dc.subject	NEXT GENERATION
dc.subject	OPEN STANDARDS
dc.subject	OPEN SYSTEMS
dc.subject	OPERATING SYSTEM
dc.subject	OPERATING SYSTEMS
dc.subject	OUTSOURCING
dc.subject	PARTY
dc.subject	PC
dc.subject	PCS
dc.subject	PERIPHERAL DEVICES
dc.subject	PERSONAL COMPUTER
dc.subject	PERSONAL COMPUTERS
dc.subject	PHYSICAL GOODS
dc.subject	POWER CONSUMPTION
dc.subject	PRICE COMPETITION
dc.subject	PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS
dc.subject	PRIVATE COMMUNICATIONS
dc.subject	PRODUCT CATEGORIES
dc.subject	PRODUCT DESIGN
dc.subject	PRODUCT DESIGNS
dc.subject	PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	PRODUCT INNOVATION
dc.subject	PRODUCT QUALITY
dc.subject	PRODUCTION PROCESS
dc.subject	PRODUCTION PROCESSES
dc.subject	PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subject	PROTOTYPE
dc.subject	PUBLISHING
dc.subject	PURCHASING
dc.subject	R&D
dc.subject	RADIO
dc.subject	RESULT
dc.subject	RESULTS
dc.subject	RETAIL
dc.subject	RETAIL OUTLETS
dc.subject	RETAIL PRICE
dc.subject	RETAIL STORES
dc.subject	SALE
dc.subject	SALES
dc.subject	SAN
dc.subject	SATELLITES
dc.subject	SCANNERS
dc.subject	SEARCH
dc.subject	SEMICONDUCTOR
dc.subject	SEMICONDUCTORS
dc.subject	SERVER
dc.subject	SERVERS
dc.subject	SHOP
dc.subject	SIGNAL PROCESSING
dc.subject	SILICON
dc.subject	SMART PHONES
dc.subject	SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS
dc.subject	SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	SOFTWARE VENDORS
dc.subject	SPINOFF
dc.subject	SPINOFFS
dc.subject	SPREAD
dc.subject	STANDARDIZATION
dc.subject	STORAGE DEVICES
dc.subject	STORE
dc.subject	SUBSTITUTE
dc.subject	SUBSTITUTION
dc.subject	SUPPLIER
dc.subject	SUPPLIERS
dc.subject	SUPPLY CHAIN
dc.subject	SYSTEM SOFTWARE
dc.subject	SYSTEMS DESIGN
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITY
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION
dc.subject	TELECOMMUNICATIONS
dc.subject	TELEVISION
dc.subject	TELEVISIONS
dc.subject	TIME ZONES
dc.subject	TRANSISTOR
dc.subject	VALUE CHAIN
dc.subject	VALUE CHAINS
dc.subject	VENDOR
dc.subject	VERTICAL INTEGRATION
dc.subject	VIDEO GAME
dc.subject	VOLATILITY
dc.subject	WAREHOUSE
dc.subject	WEB
dc.subject	WHOLESALE PRICE
dc.subject	WHOLESALE TRADE
dc.title	Global Value Chains in the Electronics Industry : Was the Crisis a Window of Opportunity for Developing Countries?
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	The World Region