International Migration and Gender Differentials in the Home Labor Market : Evidence from Albania

Mendola, Mariapia; Carletto, Gero

dc.creator	Mendola, Mariapia
dc.creator	Carletto, Gero
dc.date	2012-03-19T19:09:53Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T19:09:53Z
dc.date	2009-04-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T21:09:03Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T21:09:03Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090414093427
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4094
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/245131
dc.description	This paper examines the role of male-dominated international migration in shaping labor market outcomes by gender in migrant-sending households in Albania. Using detailed information on family migration experience from the latest Living Standards Measurement Study survey, the authors find that male and female labor supplies respond differently to the current and past migration episodes of household members. Controlling for the potential endogeneity of migration and for the income (remittances) effect, the estimates show that having a migrant abroad decreases female paid labor supply and increases unpaid work. However, women with past family migration experience are significantly more likely to engage in self-employment and less likely to supply unpaid work. The same relationships do not hold for men. These findings suggest that over time male-dominated Albanian migration may lead to women's empowerment in access to income-earning opportunities at the origin.
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4900
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ACCOUNTING
dc.subject	ADULT WOMEN
dc.subject	AGE GROUPS
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL SECTORS
dc.subject	ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES
dc.subject	BARGAINING
dc.subject	BARGAINING POWER
dc.subject	CAPITAL ACCUMULATION
dc.subject	CHILD CARE
dc.subject	CHILD CARE COSTS
dc.subject	CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION
dc.subject	CONTROL OVER RESOURCES
dc.subject	COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN
dc.subject	CREDIT ACCESS
dc.subject	CREDIT CONSTRAINTS
dc.subject	CULTURAL NORMS
dc.subject	DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DISABLED
dc.subject	DISADVANTAGED GROUPS
dc.subject	EARNING
dc.subject	EARNING CAPACITY
dc.subject	EARNINGS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC CHANGES
dc.subject	ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subject	ECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subject	ECONOMIC RESOURCES
dc.subject	ECONOMIC STATUS
dc.subject	ECONOMICS
dc.subject	EDUCATED WOMEN
dc.subject	EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subject	EMPLOYEE
dc.subject	EMPLOYER
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT PATTERN
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT RATE
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subject	EMPOWERMENT
dc.subject	EXCLUSION
dc.subject	EXCLUSION RESTRICTION
dc.subject	EXOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subject	EXTENDED FAMILY
dc.subject	EXTERNAL MIGRATION
dc.subject	FAMILIES
dc.subject	FAMILY DECISION
dc.subject	FAMILY FARM
dc.subject	FAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subject	FAMILY REUNIFICATION
dc.subject	FAMILY STRUCTURE
dc.subject	FEMALE CHILDREN
dc.subject	FEMALE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	FEMALE LABOR
dc.subject	FEMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subject	FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subject	FEMALE POPULATION
dc.subject	FEMALE WAGE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	FEMALE WORK
dc.subject	FERTILITY
dc.subject	FIXED COSTS
dc.subject	FOREIGN LABOR
dc.subject	FUTURE GENERATIONS
dc.subject	GENDER
dc.subject	GENDER ASPECTS
dc.subject	GENDER BIAS
dc.subject	GENDER COMPOSITION
dc.subject	GENDER DIFFERENCES
dc.subject	GENDER DIFFERENTIALS
dc.subject	GENDER DISPARITIES
dc.subject	GENDER EQUITY
dc.subject	GENDER GAP
dc.subject	GENDER INEQUALITIES
dc.subject	GENDER RELATIONS
dc.subject	GENDER SPECIFIC
dc.subject	GROUP OF WOMEN
dc.subject	HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD
dc.subject	HOME LABOR
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD ASSETS
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURE
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD WEALTH
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subject	HUSBAND
dc.subject	HUSBANDS
dc.subject	ILLNESS
dc.subject	IMPACT OF MIGRATION
dc.subject	INFLOW OF REMITTANCES
dc.subject	INFORMAL LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	INFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS
dc.subject	INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
dc.subject	INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subject	JOB STATUS
dc.subject	JOBS
dc.subject	LABOR COMPENSATION
dc.subject	LABOR COSTS
dc.subject	LABOR DEMAND
dc.subject	LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subject	LABOR FORCE POPULATION
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET IMPACT
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET SITUATION
dc.subject	LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	LABOR MIGRATION
dc.subject	LABOR MOBILITY
dc.subject	LABOR RELATIONS
dc.subject	LABOR SUPPLIES
dc.subject	LABOR SUPPLY
dc.subject	LEGAL STATUS
dc.subject	LEVEL OF EDUCATION
dc.subject	LIVING CONDITIONS
dc.subject	LIVING STANDARDS
dc.subject	LOCAL LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subject	MARITAL STATUS
dc.subject	MARKET CONSTRAINTS
dc.subject	MARKET ECONOMY
dc.subject	MARKET WAGE
dc.subject	MARKET WAGES
dc.subject	MARRIED WOMEN
dc.subject	MIGRANT
dc.subject	MIGRANT HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	MIGRANTS
dc.subject	MIGRATION DECISIONS
dc.subject	MIGRATION EXPERIENCE
dc.subject	MIGRATION FLOWS
dc.subject	MIGRATION PROCESS
dc.subject	MIGRATION STATUS
dc.subject	MODERNIZATION
dc.subject	NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
dc.subject	NEW MARKET
dc.subject	NUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subject	OCCUPATION
dc.subject	OCCUPATIONS
dc.subject	OLDER WOMEN
dc.subject	OPPORTUNITY COSTS
dc.subject	PAID WORKER
dc.subject	PARTICIPATION BY WOMEN
dc.subject	PENSIONS
dc.subject	PERMANENT JOB
dc.subject	PHYSICAL CAPITAL
dc.subject	POLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subject	POTENTIAL MIGRANTS
dc.subject	PREVIOUS JOB
dc.subject	PRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subject	PRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subject	PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subject	PROGRESS
dc.subject	PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICE
dc.subject	PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	RECEIPT
dc.subject	REMITTANCE
dc.subject	REMITTANCES
dc.subject	REMUNERATIVE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	RENTS
dc.subject	RESOURCE ALLOCATION
dc.subject	RESPECT
dc.subject	RETIREMENT
dc.subject	RETURNEES
dc.subject	SECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subject	SELF EMPLOYED
dc.subject	SELF-EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	SKILLED LABOR
dc.subject	SOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subject	SOCIOLOGISTS
dc.subject	SPOUSE
dc.subject	TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subject	TEMPORARY MIGRANTS
dc.subject	TEMPORARY MIGRATION
dc.subject	TEMPORARY WORKERS
dc.subject	TOTAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	TOTAL LABOR FORCE
dc.subject	TRADITIONAL GENDER ROLES
dc.subject	UNEMPLOYED
dc.subject	UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	UNPAID FAMILY WORKERS
dc.subject	UNPAID WORKERS
dc.subject	URBAN POVERTY
dc.subject	WAGE DIFFERENTIALS
dc.subject	WAGE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	WOMAN
dc.subject	WORK FORCE
dc.subject	WORKER
dc.subject	WORKING WOMEN
dc.subject	YOUNG CHILDREN
dc.subject	YOUNG MEN
dc.subject	YOUNG WOMEN
dc.title	International Migration and Gender Differentials in the Home Labor Market : Evidence from Albania
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	Europe and Central Asia
dc.coverage	Europe and Central Asia
dc.coverage	Europe
dc.coverage	Eastern Europe
dc.coverage	Albania