Risks, Ex-ante Actions and Public Assistance : Impacts of Natural Disasters on Child Schooling in Bangladesh, Ethiopia and Malawi

Yamauchi, Futoshi; Yohannes, Yisehac; Quisumbing, Agnes

dc.creator	Yamauchi, Futoshi
dc.creator	Yohannes, Yisehac
dc.creator	Quisumbing, Agnes
dc.date	2012-03-19T19:10:03Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T19:10:03Z
dc.date	2009-04-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T21:09:15Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T21:09:15Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090424141435
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4103
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/245140
dc.description	This paper examines the impacts of natural disasters on schooling investments with special focus on the roles of ex-ante actions and ex-post responses using panel data from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Malawi. The importance of ex-ante actions depends on disaster risks and the likelihood of public assistance, which potentially creates substitution between the two actions. The findings show that higher future probabilities of disasters increase the likelihood of holding more human capital and/or livestock relative to land, and this asset-portfolio effect is significant in disaster prone areas. The empirical results support the roles of both ex-ante and ex-post responses (public assistance) in coping with disasters, but also show interesting variations across countries. In Ethiopia, public assistance plays a more important role than ex-ante actions to mitigate the impact of shocks on child schooling. In contrast, households in Malawi rely more on private ex-ante actions than public assistance. The Bangladesh example shows active roles of both ex-ante and ex-post actions. These observations are consistent with the finding on the relationship between ex-ante actions and disaster risks. The results also show that among ex-ante actions, human capital accumulated in the household prior to disasters helps mitigate the negative effects of disasters in both the short and long runs.
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4909
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ADVERSE IMPACT
dc.subject	ADVERSE IMPACTS
dc.subject	AGRICULTURE
dc.subject	ASSET ALLOCATION
dc.subject	ASSET HOLDING
dc.subject	ASSET HOLDINGS
dc.subject	BORROWING
dc.subject	CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subject	COLLATERAL
dc.subject	CURRENT INCOME
dc.subject	DAMAGES
dc.subject	DECISION MAKING
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT NETWORK
dc.subject	DISASTER
dc.subject	DISASTER AREAS
dc.subject	DISASTER PRONE AREAS
dc.subject	DISASTER REDUCTION
dc.subject	DISASTER RISK
dc.subject	DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
dc.subject	DISASTER RISKS
dc.subject	DISASTER-PRONE COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DIVERSIFICATION
dc.subject	DROUGHT
dc.subject	DROUGHTS
dc.subject	EARTHQUAKE
dc.subject	EARTHQUAKES
dc.subject	ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC RECESSION
dc.subject	ECONOMIC RECESSIONS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC SHOCKS
dc.subject	EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE
dc.subject	EMERGENCY RELIEF
dc.subject	EXPECTED RETURNS
dc.subject	EXPECTED UTILITY
dc.subject	EXTENSION SERVICES
dc.subject	FARM INCOME
dc.subject	FARMERS
dc.subject	FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION
dc.subject	FINANCIAL MARKETS
dc.subject	FLOOD
dc.subject	FLOODS
dc.subject	FOOD AID
dc.subject	FOOD SECURITY
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subject	HURRICANE
dc.subject	IMPACT OF DISASTER
dc.subject	IMPACT OF DISASTERS
dc.subject	IMPERFECT CREDIT
dc.subject	INCOME EFFECT
dc.subject	INCOME LEVEL
dc.subject	INCOME LEVELS
dc.subject	INEFFICIENCY
dc.subject	INSURANCE
dc.subject	INVESTING
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	LIQUIDITY
dc.subject	LOW-INCOME
dc.subject	MARGINAL COST
dc.subject	MARGINAL UTILITY
dc.subject	NATURAL DISASTER
dc.subject	NATURAL DISASTERS
dc.subject	NATURAL HAZARD
dc.subject	NATURAL HAZARDS
dc.subject	OPPORTUNITY COST
dc.subject	OPPORTUNITY COSTS
dc.subject	POLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	PORTFOLIO
dc.subject	PRECAUTIONARY SAVING
dc.subject	PRECAUTIONARY SAVINGS
dc.subject	PROBABILITIES
dc.subject	PROBABILITY
dc.subject	PRODUCTIVE ASSETS
dc.subject	PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
dc.subject	PUBLIC GOODS
dc.subject	PUBLIC SAFETY
dc.subject	RECONSTRUCTION
dc.subject	RISK AVERSE
dc.subject	RISK AVERSION
dc.subject	SAFETY NET
dc.subject	SAFETY NETS
dc.subject	SAVINGS
dc.subject	SUBSTITUTION EFFECT
dc.subject	TOTAL COST
dc.subject	WAGE
dc.title	Risks, Ex-ante Actions and Public Assistance : Impacts of Natural Disasters on Child Schooling in Bangladesh, Ethiopia and Malawi
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	Africa
dc.coverage	Africa
dc.coverage	South Asia
dc.coverage	South Asia
dc.coverage	South Asia
dc.coverage	Asia
dc.coverage	Southern Africa
dc.coverage	Sub-Saharan Africa
dc.coverage	East Africa
dc.coverage	Malawi
dc.coverage	Ethiopia
dc.coverage	Bangladesh