Poverty and Income Seasonality in Bangladesh

Khandker, Shahidur R.

dc.creator	Khandker, Shahidur R.
dc.date	2012-03-19T19:10:14Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T19:10:14Z
dc.date	2009-04-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T21:09:27Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T21:09:27Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090430133459
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4114
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/245151
dc.description	Seasonal poverty in Bangladesh, locally known as monga, refers to seasonal deprivation of food during the pre-harvest season of Aman rice. An analysis of household income and expenditure survey data shows that average household income and consumption are much lower during monga season than in other seasons, and that seasonal income greatly influences seasonal consumption. However, lack of income and consumption smoothing is more acute in greater Rangpur, the North West region, than in other regions, causing widespread seasonal deprivation. The analysis shows that agricultural income diversification accompanied by better access to micro-credit, irrigation, education, electrification, social safety net programs, and dynamic labor markets has helped reduce seasonality in income and poverty in regions other than Rangpur in the recent past. Hence, government policies should promote income diversification through infrastructure investments and provide income transfers to the targeted poor to contain income seasonality and poverty in this impoverished part of Bangladesh.
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4923
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY
dc.subject	AGGREGATE INCOME
dc.subject	AGRARIAN ECONOMY
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL LABORERS
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL LAND
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL WAGE
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL WORKERS
dc.subject	AGRICULTURE
dc.subject	ANNUAL RATE
dc.subject	ASSET HOLDINGS
dc.subject	AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subject	BASE YEAR
dc.subject	BENEFICIARY
dc.subject	BENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	BUFFER STOCKS
dc.subject	CALORIE INTAKE
dc.subject	CASH TRANSFERS
dc.subject	CHANGES IN POVERTY
dc.subject	CHRONIC POVERTY
dc.subject	COMMERCIAL BANK
dc.subject	COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subject	CONSUMER GOODS
dc.subject	CONSUMER PRICE INDEX
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION DATA
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION GROWTH
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION INSURANCE
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION LEVELS
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION POVERTY
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING
dc.subject	CONSUMPTION VOLATILITY
dc.subject	CREDIT MARKET
dc.subject	CREDIT MARKET CONSTRAINTS
dc.subject	CREDIT MARKETS
dc.subject	CREDIT PROGRAM
dc.subject	CREDIT PROGRAMS
dc.subject	CROP INCOME
dc.subject	CROP PRODUCTION
dc.subject	CROSS-SECTION DATA
dc.subject	CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA
dc.subject	DAILY WAGE
dc.subject	DATA SET
dc.subject	DATA SETS
dc.subject	DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subject	DEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subject	DIVERSIFICATION
dc.subject	DROUGHT
dc.subject	ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
dc.subject	ECONOMETRICS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC INDICATORS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC SITUATION
dc.subject	EDUCATION INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subject	ESTIMATES OF POVERTY
dc.subject	EXPLANATORY VARIABLES
dc.subject	EXTREME POVERTY
dc.subject	FARM ACTIVITIES
dc.subject	FARM INCOME
dc.subject	FARM PRODUCTION
dc.subject	FARM PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subject	FARM SECTOR
dc.subject	FARM TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	FARMERS
dc.subject	FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subject	FOOD BASKET
dc.subject	FOOD CONSUMPTION
dc.subject	FOOD CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
dc.subject	FOOD COUPONS
dc.subject	FOOD EXPENDITURES
dc.subject	FOOD POLICY
dc.subject	FOOD POVERTY
dc.subject	FOOD POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	FOOD PRICES
dc.subject	FOOD QUANTITY
dc.subject	FOOD RATIONS
dc.subject	FOOD SECURITY
dc.subject	FOOD SHORTAGE
dc.subject	FOOD-FOR-WORK
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD DATA
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD HEAD
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD INCOMES
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD POVERTY
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subject	HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTS
dc.subject	HUMAN RESOURCES
dc.subject	INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
dc.subject	INCOME
dc.subject	INCOME DATA
dc.subject	INCOME DYNAMICS
dc.subject	INCOME EXPANSION
dc.subject	INCOME GROWTH
dc.subject	INCOME RISK
dc.subject	INCOME SHARE
dc.subject	INCOME SHARES
dc.subject	INCOME SHOCK
dc.subject	INCOME SHOCKS
dc.subject	INCOME SMOOTHING
dc.subject	INCOME TRANSFER
dc.subject	INCOME TRANSFERS
dc.subject	INFORMAL CREDIT
dc.subject	INSURANCE
dc.subject	INSURANCE MECHANISMS
dc.subject	INTERFAMILY TRANSFERS
dc.subject	IRRIGATION
dc.subject	LABOR MARKET
dc.subject	LABOR MARKETS
dc.subject	LABOR SUPPLY
dc.subject	LAND ASSET
dc.subject	LAND ASSETS
dc.subject	LEAN SEASON
dc.subject	LINEAR MODEL
dc.subject	LIQUIDITY
dc.subject	LOW INCOME
dc.subject	MALNUTRITION
dc.subject	MARKET IMPERFECTIONS
dc.subject	MEASUREMENT ERROR
dc.subject	MEASUREMENT ERRORS
dc.subject	MICRO-CREDIT
dc.subject	MICRO-FINANCE
dc.subject	MUTUAL INSURANCE
dc.subject	NEGATIVE EFFECT
dc.subject	NEGATIVE IMPACT
dc.subject	NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP
dc.subject	NET EFFECT
dc.subject	0 HYPOTHESIS
dc.subject	OLD AGE
dc.subject	OLD AGE PENSION
dc.subject	PENSIONS
dc.subject	PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
dc.subject	PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subject	POLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subject	POLICY INTERVENTIONS
dc.subject	POLICY RESEARCH
dc.subject	POLICY VARIABLES
dc.subject	POLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	POLITICAL INFLUENCE
dc.subject	POOR
dc.subject	POOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	POSITIVE EFFECTS
dc.subject	POSITIVE ROLE
dc.subject	POVERTY CHANGES
dc.subject	POVERTY ESTIMATES
dc.subject	POVERTY HEAD
dc.subject	POVERTY INCIDENCE
dc.subject	POVERTY INDICATORS
dc.subject	POVERTY INDICES
dc.subject	POVERTY LEVEL
dc.subject	POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	POVERTY LINES
dc.subject	POVERTY MEASURE
dc.subject	POVERTY POVERTY
dc.subject	POVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subject	POVERTY SITUATION
dc.subject	POVERTY STATUS
dc.subject	POVERTY THRESHOLD
dc.subject	PRECAUTIONARY SAVINGS
dc.subject	PRODUCT MARKET
dc.subject	PRODUCTIVE ASSETS
dc.subject	PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subject	PUBLIC INVESTMENT
dc.subject	PUBLIC POLICIES
dc.subject	PUBLIC WORKS
dc.subject	PURCHASING POWER
dc.subject	REAL WAGE
dc.subject	REDUCING POVERTY
dc.subject	REDUCTION OF POVERTY
dc.subject	REGIONAL DUMMIES
dc.subject	REGIONAL LEVEL
dc.subject	RISK MANAGEMENT
dc.subject	RURAL
dc.subject	RURAL AREAS
dc.subject	RURAL ECONOMY
dc.subject	RURAL ELECTRIFICATION
dc.subject	RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	RURAL INCOME
dc.subject	RURAL PEOPLE
dc.subject	RURAL POOR
dc.subject	RURAL POVERTY
dc.subject	RURAL POVERTY RATE
dc.subject	RURAL ROAD
dc.subject	RURAL ROADS
dc.subject	SAFETY NET
dc.subject	SAFETY NET PROGRAMS
dc.subject	SAFETY NETS
dc.subject	SAVINGS
dc.subject	SCHOOLING
dc.subject	SELF-INSURANCE
dc.subject	SIGNIFICANT EFFECT
dc.subject	SMALL FARMERS
dc.subject	SMOOTHING CONSUMPTION
dc.subject	SOCIAL SAFETY
dc.subject	SOCIAL SAFETY NET
dc.subject	TARGETING
dc.subject	TOTAL POVERTY
dc.subject	TOTAL POVERTY LINE
dc.subject	TRANSFER PROGRAM
dc.subject	TRANSFER PROGRAMS
dc.subject	VILLAGE LEVEL
dc.subject	VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY
dc.subject	VULNERABLE GROUP
dc.subject	VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subject	WAGE RATE
dc.subject	WAGE RATES
dc.subject	WAGE WORKERS
dc.subject	WAGES
dc.subject	WEALTH
dc.subject	WEATHER RISK
dc.subject	WELFARE INDICATORS
dc.subject	WORK PROGRAM
dc.title	Poverty and Income Seasonality in Bangladesh
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	South Asia
dc.coverage	South Asia
dc.coverage	South Asia
dc.coverage	Asia
dc.coverage	Bangladesh