Can Malaysia Escape the Middle-Income Trap? A Strategy for Penang

Yusuf, Shahid; Nabeshima, Kaoru

dc.creator	Yusuf, Shahid
dc.creator	Nabeshima, Kaoru
dc.date	2012-03-19T19:11:05Z
dc.date	2012-03-19T19:11:05Z
dc.date	2009-06-01
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-17T21:10:24Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-17T21:10:24Z
dc.identifier	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090619092524
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4165
dc.identifier.uri	http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/245202
dc.description	How can Penang upgrade and diversify its economy? This paper addresses this question using a number of methodologies that have been developed for assessing competitiveness and identifying the direction of future industrial evolution. The results show that although Penang was successful in attracting foreign direct investment to the electronics industry, this has not translated into a deepening of industrial capabilities or the nurturing of innovation capacity in Penang. No large Malaysian firms in Penang have taken the lead in innovation and there is little new entry by local firms, despite incentives provided by local and national governments are generous. Universiti Sains Malaysia, the principal university in Penang, is contributing through provision of skills, and it is beginning to multiply university industry linkages. However, the university s research activities are too limited and too diffuse to significantly initiate innovation by local industry. Under the current circumstances, and given its relatively small size, Penang will have to try much harder to strengthen its competitive advantage in its most important industry -electronics- through actions that build research capital. It will also have to increase its efforts to develop the potential of other value-adding activities, such as medical services and tourism. A strategy focused on localization economies is likely to be the most feasible option.
dc.language	English
dc.relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4971
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights	World Bank
dc.subject	ACADEMIC RESEARCH
dc.subject	ACCESSORIES
dc.subject	ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	AGRICULTURAL
dc.subject	APPLIANCES
dc.subject	APPLIED RESEARCH
dc.subject	APPLIED RESEARCH IN ELECTRONICS
dc.subject	APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	ASSEMBLERS
dc.subject	AT
dc.subject	AUTOMOTIVE
dc.subject	BASIC
dc.subject	BIDDING
dc.subject	BIOCHEMISTRY
dc.subject	BIOLOGY
dc.subject	BIOTECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	BROADCASTING
dc.subject	BUSINESS
dc.subject	BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
dc.subject	BUSINESS CLIMATE
dc.subject	BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	BUSINESS PROMOTION
dc.subject	BUSINESS SERVICES
dc.subject	CAPABILITY
dc.subject	CAPITAL FUNDING
dc.subject	CAREER
dc.subject	CAREER PROSPECTS
dc.subject	CENTRAL PROCESSING UNITS
dc.subject	CITIES
dc.subject	COLLABORATION
dc.subject	COLLEGES
dc.subject	COMMERCIAL INNOVATION
dc.subject	COMMODITIES
dc.subject	COMMODITY
dc.subject	COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subject	COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subject	COMPONENTS
dc.subject	COMPUTER
dc.subject	CONSULTANTS
dc.subject	CONTENT
dc.subject	CURRICULUM
dc.subject	DATA
dc.subject	DATA PROCESSING
dc.subject	DATA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
dc.subject	DEVICES
dc.subject	DIGITAL
dc.subject	DIGITAL DATA
dc.subject	DISCIPLINES
dc.subject	DISK DRIVES
dc.subject	DOCTORAL PROGRAMS
dc.subject	ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subject	ECONOMICS
dc.subject	EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subject	ELECTRIC LIGHTING
dc.subject	ELECTRICAL MACHINERY
dc.subject	ELECTRICITY
dc.subject	ELECTRONICS
dc.subject	ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
dc.subject	ELITE UNIVERSITIES
dc.subject	EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject	ENGINEERING
dc.subject	ENGINEERS
dc.subject	ENTRY BARRIERS
dc.subject	EQUIPMENT
dc.subject	EXPORT MARKET
dc.subject	EXPORT PROMOTION
dc.subject	EXTENSION
dc.subject	FACULTIES
dc.subject	FERTILIZERS
dc.subject	FIELDS
dc.subject	FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subject	FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
dc.subject	FINANCIAL RESOURCES
dc.subject	FINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subject	FISH
dc.subject	FLOW OF INFORMATION
dc.subject	FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subject	FOREIGN STUDENTS
dc.subject	GLOBAL MARKETS
dc.subject	GOVERNMENT FUNDING
dc.subject	GRADUATE
dc.subject	GRADUATE PROGRAMS
dc.subject	GRADUATES
dc.subject	GRANTS
dc.subject	GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
dc.subject	GROUPS
dc.subject	GROWTH PATH
dc.subject	GROWTH POTENTIAL
dc.subject	GROWTH STRATEGY
dc.subject	HARD DISK
dc.subject	HEALTH
dc.subject	HIGH TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	HIGHER EDUCATION
dc.subject	HUMAN RESOURCE
dc.subject	HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	IMAGING
dc.subject	INCOMES
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION
dc.subject	INFORMATICS
dc.subject	INFORMATION
dc.subject	INFORMATION EXCHANGE
dc.subject	INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	INSTRUCTION
dc.subject	INTEGRATION
dc.subject	INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
dc.subject	INTERFACE
dc.subject	INTERMEDIARY ORGANIZATION
dc.subject	INVENTION
dc.subject	IP
dc.subject	IT
dc.subject	JOINT VENTURES
dc.subject	KNOWLEDGE CREATION
dc.subject	LAN
dc.subject	LICENSES
dc.subject	LIFE SCIENCES
dc.subject	LOCAL UNIVERSITIES
dc.subject	LOCALIZATION
dc.subject	MANUFACTURING
dc.subject	MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
dc.subject	MARKET SHARE
dc.subject	MARKETING
dc.subject	MATERIAL
dc.subject	MATERIALS
dc.subject	MEDICAL DEVICE
dc.subject	MEDICAL DEVICES
dc.subject	MEDICAL SERVICES
dc.subject	MEDICINE
dc.subject	MICROBIOLOGY
dc.subject	MONITORING
dc.subject	NATIONAL ACCREDITATION
dc.subject	NETWORKS
dc.subject	NEW TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subject	NEW TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	PAPERS
dc.subject	PARTNERS
dc.subject	PAYMENTS
dc.subject	PERFORMANCE
dc.subject	PILOT PROJECTS
dc.subject	PLANNING
dc.subject	PLANS
dc.subject	PLANTS
dc.subject	POLICY
dc.subject	PORTABLE RADIO
dc.subject	PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT
dc.subject	PRINTED CIRCUITS
dc.subject	PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION
dc.subject	PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
dc.subject	PRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subject	PRIVATE SECTORS
dc.subject	PROCESSORS
dc.subject	PROCUREMENT
dc.subject	PRODUCT DESIGNS
dc.subject	PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	PRODUCT INNOVATION
dc.subject	PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
dc.subject	PRODUCTION
dc.subject	PRODUCTION PROCESSES
dc.subject	PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subject	PRODUCTS
dc.subject	PROFIT
dc.subject	PROFITS
dc.subject	PROTOTYPE
dc.subject	PROVINCIAL UNIVERSITIES
dc.subject	PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES
dc.subject	QUALITY ASSURANCE
dc.subject	QUALITY OF EDUCATION
dc.subject	QUALITY OF INSTRUCTION
dc.subject	QUALITY OF TEACHING
dc.subject	R&D
dc.subject	RADIO
dc.subject	REGISTERS
dc.subject	RESEARCH
dc.subject	RESEARCH CAPACITY
dc.subject	RESEARCH EXPENDITURES
dc.subject	RESEARCH FINDINGS
dc.subject	RESEARCH INSTITUTE
dc.subject	RESEARCH INSTITUTES
dc.subject	RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS
dc.subject	RESEARCH PROGRAMS
dc.subject	RESEARCH SECTOR
dc.subject	RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES
dc.subject	RESEARCH UNIVERSITY
dc.subject	RESEARCHERS
dc.subject	RESULTS
dc.subject	SAN
dc.subject	SCHOLARS
dc.subject	SCHOLARSHIPS
dc.subject	SCHOOL
dc.subject	SCIENCE
dc.subject	SCIENTIFIC EXCELLENCE
dc.subject	SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS
dc.subject	SCIENTISTS
dc.subject	SERVICE PROVIDERS
dc.subject	SILK
dc.subject	SITES
dc.subject	SKILLED WORKERS
dc.subject	SKILLS
dc.subject	SMALLER NUMBER
dc.subject	SOCIAL SCIENCE
dc.subject	STUDENT
dc.subject	STUDENT BODY
dc.subject	STUDENT SUPPORT
dc.subject	STUDENTS
dc.subject	SUPERVISION
dc.subject	SUPPLY CHAIN
dc.subject	SYSTEM
dc.subject	SYSTEMS
dc.subject	TECHNICAL EXPERTS
dc.subject	TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE
dc.subject	TECHNICIANS
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY LICENSING
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS
dc.subject	TECHNOLOGY USERS
dc.subject	TELECOMMUNICATION
dc.subject	TELECOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT
dc.subject	TELECOMMUNICATIONS
dc.subject	TELECOMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT
dc.subject	TELEVISION
dc.subject	TERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subject	TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS
dc.subject	TRAINING
dc.subject	TRANSACTION
dc.subject	TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY
dc.subject	TRANSISTORS
dc.subject	TRANSMISSION
dc.subject	TUITION
dc.subject	TUITION FEES
dc.subject	UNIVERSITY
dc.subject	USERS
dc.subject	USES
dc.subject	VALUE CHAIN
dc.subject	VIDEO
dc.subject	WEB
dc.subject	WOOD
dc.subject	WORKERS
dc.title	Can Malaysia Escape the Middle-Income Trap? A Strategy for Penang
dc.type	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
dc.coverage	East Asia and Pacific
dc.coverage	Southeast Asia
dc.coverage	Asia
dc.coverage	Malaysia