Sangam: A Confluence of Knowledge Streams

Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis in Human Breast Carcinoma: A Potential Prognostic Marker Linked to Hematogenous Dissemination

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dc.contributor Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology
dc.contributor Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT
dc.contributor Gertler, Frank
dc.creator Gertler, Frank
dc.creator Robinson, Brian D.
dc.creator Sica, Gabriel L.
dc.creator Liu, Yi-Fang
dc.creator Rohan, Thomas E.
dc.creator Condeelis, John S.
dc.creator Jones, Joan G.
dc.date 2014-01-31T16:02:43Z
dc.date 2014-01-31T16:02:43Z
dc.date 2009-03
dc.date 2008-12
dc.date.accessioned 2023-03-01T18:11:17Z
dc.date.available 2023-03-01T18:11:17Z
dc.identifier 1078-0432
dc.identifier 1557-3265
dc.identifier http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84614
dc.identifier Robinson, B. D., G. L. Sica, Y.-F. Liu, T. E. Rohan, F. B. Gertler, J. S. Condeelis, and J. G. Jones. “Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis in Human Breast Carcinoma: A Potential Prognostic Marker Linked to Hematogenous Dissemination.” Clinical Cancer Research 15, no. 7 (March 10, 2009): 2433-2441.
dc.identifier https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3214-4554
dc.identifier.uri http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/279081
dc.description Purpose: Multiphoton-based intravital imaging has shown that invasive carcinoma cells in mouse and rat mammary tumors intravasate when associated with perivascular macrophages, identifying a potential tumor microenvironment of metastasis (TMEM). We define TMEM as the tripartite arrangement of an invasive carcinoma cell, a macrophage, and an endothelial cell. The aim of this study was to determine if TMEM density in human breast carcinoma samples predicts the development of systemic, hematogenous metastases. Experimental Design: A case-control study of 30 patients who developed metastatic breast cancer and 30 patients without metastatic disease was done. Cases were matched to controls based on currently used prognostic criteria. Paraffin-embedded primary breast cancer samples were stained using a triple immunohistochemical method allowing simultaneous identification of carcinoma cells, macrophages, and endothelial cells. Two pathologists, blinded to outcome, evaluated the number of TMEM per 20 high-power fields. Results: No association was seen between TMEM density and tumor size or grade, lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular invasion, or hormone receptor status. TMEM density was greater in the group of patients who developed systemic metastases compared with the patients with only localized breast cancer (median, 105 versus 50, respectively; P = 0.00006). For every 10-unit increase in TMEM density, the odds ratio for systemic metastasis was 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.4). Conclusions: TMEM density predicted the development of systemic, hematogenous metastases. The ability of TMEM to predict distant metastasis was independent of lymph node status and other currently used prognosticators. Quantitation of TMEM may be a useful new prognostic marker for breast cancer patients.
dc.description National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant GM58801)
dc.description National Cancer Institute (U.S.). Integrative Cancer Biology Program (Grant 1-U54-CA112967)
dc.format application/pdf
dc.language en_US
dc.publisher American Association for Cancer Research
dc.relation http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2179
dc.relation Clinical Cancer Research
dc.rights Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0
dc.rights http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
dc.source PMC
dc.title Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis in Human Breast Carcinoma: A Potential Prognostic Marker Linked to Hematogenous Dissemination
dc.type Article
dc.type http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle


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