| dc.contributor |
School of Neuroscience |
|
| dc.creator |
Zhu, Jackie |
|
| dc.creator |
Hawkins, Elisa |
|
| dc.creator |
Phillips, Kristin |
|
| dc.creator |
Deshpande, Laxmikant S. |
|
| dc.date |
2020-06-30T16:41:12Z |
|
| dc.date |
2020-06-30T16:41:12Z |
|
| dc.date |
2020-06-30 |
|
| dc.date |
2020-06-30T16:28:57Z |
|
| dc.date.accessioned |
2023-03-01T18:53:13Z |
|
| dc.date.available |
2023-03-01T18:53:13Z |
|
| dc.identifier |
Zhu, J.; Hawkins, E.; Phillips, K.; Deshpande, L.S. Assessment of Ketamine and Its Enantiomers in an Organophosphate-Based Rat Model for Features of Gulf War Illness. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 4710. |
|
| dc.identifier |
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99201 |
|
| dc.identifier |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134710 |
|
| dc.identifier.uri |
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/CUHPOERS/281702 |
|
| dc.description |
Approximately 33% of U.S. soldiers from the first Gulf War suffer from a multi-system disorder known as the Gulf War Illness (GWI). GW veterans suffer from a cluster of symptoms that prominently include fatigue and can include mood-related symptoms<b>.</b> Compared to traditional antidepressants, ketamine (KET) produces a fast-onset and long-lasting antidepressant response, but assessments of KET for GWI-related depression are lacking. The etiology of GWI is multi-factorial and exposure to organophosphates (OP) during deployment is one of the factors underlying GWI development. Here, male Sprague-Dawley rats were repeatedly exposed to an OP DFP and three months later these rats, when assessed on a battery of rodent behavioral assays, displayed signs consistent with aspects of GWI characteristics. When treated with a sub-anesthetic dose of KET (3, 5, or 10 mg/kg, i.p.), DFP-treated rats exhibited a significant improvement in immobility time, open-arm exploration, and sucrose consumption as early as 1 h and much of these effects persisted at 24-h post-KET injection. KET’s stereoisomers, <i>R</i>-KET and <i>S</i>-KET, also exhibited such effects in DFP rats, with <i>R</i>-KET being the more potent isomer. Our studies provide a starting point for further assessment of KET for GWI depression. |
|
| dc.description |
Published version |
|
| dc.format |
application/pdf |
|
| dc.format |
application/pdf |
|
| dc.language |
en |
|
| dc.publisher |
MDPI |
|
| dc.rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
|
| dc.rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
|
| dc.subject |
organophosphates |
|
| dc.subject |
DFP |
|
| dc.subject |
depression |
|
| dc.subject |
R-ketamine |
|
| dc.subject |
S-ketamine |
|
| dc.subject |
Sprague-Dawley rats |
|
| dc.title |
Assessment of Ketamine and Its Enantiomers in an Organophosphate-Based Rat Model for Features of Gulf War Illness |
|
| dc.title |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
|
| dc.type |
Article - Refereed |
|
| dc.type |
Text |
|
| dc.type |
StillImage |
|