The report assesses the strategy of the Obama Administration as stated in early 2009 toward Afghanistan and provides recommendations for Afghanistan and its region. This strategy resembles a strategic framework more than a specific strategy. This framework for policy toward Afghanistan has been expanded to include a combined focus on Afghanistan and Pakistan, what is sometime referred to as ¿Af-Pak;¿ a surge of international civilian advisers and military forces and a major increase of civilian personnel, planning for a more rapid transfer of responsibility for security to the Afghan government; and an increased engagement with international actors, including neighboring and other regional states. The report's recommendations focus specifically on regional cooperation, the drugs-insurgency-corruption nexus, the Taliban insurgency, reconciliation, income generation, infrastructure and energy, institutional capacity, and the roles of the UN and of the media. The recommendations are a result of a private workshop convened by the Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination in May 2009.Carnegie Corporation of New York